Salt Sensitivity Hypertension and Lens Opacities

Salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) accounts for about the half of all Hypertension (HT) cases .In SSH, Na+/K+-ATPase activity is impaired. Impaired Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the lens epithelium results in cortical opacities in the peripheral equator of the lens.

This study analyzed 305 patients with hypertension aged between 40 and 80 years and 124 non-HT controls. A total of 163 patients with HT who were admitted to the emergency service at least once with a minimum increase of 10% in their systolic and diastolic blood pressure after consuming salted food met the eligible criteria for HT and were included in the SSH group. A total of 142 patients who were previously diagnosed with HT but had no previous history were considered non-SSH. Two researchers examined the presence of cortical lens opacities biomicroscopically using the diffuse, direct, Scheimpflug, and retroillumination from fundus methods.

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Key information

Conditions

Salt Hypertension From Excess Dietary Salt Cataract Eye Diseases Lens Diseases Lens Opacities

Age range

40 year–80 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

University of Health Sciences.Keçiören Education and Training Hospital

Ankara, 06400, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

The number of patients with hypertension (HT) worldwide is estimated to reach 1.56 billion by 2025.HT accounts for almost 50% of deaths due to stroke and coronary artery disease. Salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) accounts for about the half of all HT cases. Na+ /K+-ATPase activity is impaired in patients with SSH . Impaired Na+ /K+-ATPase activity in the lens epithelium results in cortical opacities in the peripheral equatorial region of the lens.A definite diagnosis of salt sensitivity is difficult, expensive, and associated with low patient compliance. Salt sensitivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity regardless of blood pressure and for other diseases such as asthma, gastric carcinoma, osteoporosis, and renal dysfunction. The present study is the first to investigate the potential of using lens opacity to predict SSH.

The transparency of the whole lens is largely based on epithelial cell permeability and Na+ /K+-ATPase activity. Circulation is activated by Na+ /K+-ATPases, which are present at 20-fold normal concentrations, particularly in the equatorial than in the anterior epithelial cells.

The mechanisms associated with SSH pathogenesis, such as signaling pathways involving Src family kinase (SFK), endothelin, connexin, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), aldosterone, transient receptor protein V4 (TRPV4) ion channel, with-no-lysine kinase-Ste20-like proline/alanine rich kinase/oxidative stress-responsive kinase 1 (WNK-SPAK/OSR1), and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac1) , are important to the physiology of the lens epithelium. Compelling studies suggest that inhibition of these pathways may facilitate opacity.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Salt Sensitivity Hypertension patients Non-SSH, salt-resistant HT (SRH) patients Control patients without HT, aged 40-80 years.

Exclusion criteria

Cataracts Diabetes Mellitus Smoking Hypo/hypercalcemia Hyperparathyroidism Eye trauma Coronary artery disease Cardiac failure Renal failure

Treatment and study plan

Lens examination

Diagnostic Test

The presence of cortical lens opacity was biomicroscopically examined by two researchers using the diffuse, direct, Scheimpflug and retroillumination from the fundus methods.

Other names: urine analysis for salt intake, Blood pressure measurements

Primary outcomes

Lens examination

Time frame: 6 months

Biomicroscopic lens examination

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Kecioren Education and Training Hospital

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Using Lens Opacities to Predict Salt Sensitivity Hypertension

Important dates

Study start: 2017
Primary completion: 2017
Study completion: 2017
First posted: Dec 28, 2017
Registry last updated: Dec 29, 2017

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.

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