Risk Factors, Costs, and Impacts of ED Boarding

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the risk factors, costs, and operational impacts of emergency department boarding (patients admitted to the hospital but remaining in the emergency department awaiting placement on an inpatient floor)

The main questions it aims to answer is:

1. What characteristics of patients make them more likely to experience ED boarding? 2. What is the impact of ED boarding on costs of health care? 3. How do high-boarding environments affect the clinical care of all patients in the emergency department, including those that do not board themselves.

Data will be secondary in nature, collected in the regular Participants already taking intervention A as part of their regular medical care for RA will answer online survey questions about their joint pain for 5 years.

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Key information

Conditions

Stroke (CVA) or TIA Anemia Anemia, Hemolytic Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Anemia, Sickle Cell Asthma Asthma (Diagnosis) Brain Diseases Bronchial Diseases COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Cardiovascular Diseases Central Nervous System Diseases Cerebrovascular Disorders Chest Pain Chronic Disease Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus Disease Disease Attributes Endocrine System Diseases Female Urogenital Diseases Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications Genetic Diseases, Inborn Glucose Metabolism Disorders Heart Diseases Heart Failure Hematologic Diseases Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases Hemoglobinopathies Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity, Immediate Hypertension Immune System Diseases Infections Inflammation Lung Diseases Lung Diseases, Obstructive Male Urogenital Diseases Mental Disorders Metabolic Diseases Nervous System Diseases Neurologic Manifestations Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Pain Pathologic Processes Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Pneumonia Psychiatric Disorder Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory Tract Diseases Respiratory Tract Infections Sepsis Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Signs and Symptoms Stroke Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Urinary Tract Infection (Diagnosis) Urinary Tract Infections Urogenital Diseases Urologic Diseases Vascular Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

University of Maryland Medical Center

Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, United States

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

adults (> 18 years old) presenting to UMMS system hospitals ED
Patients hospitalized by inpatient or observation status over study period (2022-2025)
Admitted to a service that directly manages boarding patient in the ED. At UMMC, patient should be admitted to an internal medicine team Med 1-4, Med 6, Med 5, med/surg/tele level (no IMC/ICU) and neurology floor level.

Exclusion criteria

Patients admitted to cardiology, cancer center, surgical services
Patients admitted to not floor level status (IMC/ICU)

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

Boarding Time

Time frame: During enrollment hospital encounter, up to 300 days

Time between admission order placement and ED departure. Only patients admitted to services that routinely take primary care responsibility for boarding patients in the ED will be classified as boarders

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Cost of Emergency Department Boarding for Hospitalized Patients in a Statewide Medical System

Important dates

Study start: 2022
Primary completion: 2025
Study completion: 2025
First posted: Apr 16, 2026
Registry last updated: Jun 17, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.

Completed