Project e-PBI+ - Parent Intervention to Reduce College Student Drinking and Cannabis Use

A standard drink definition will be provided, indicating that a standard drink consists of 12 oz. of beer or wine cooler, 8.5 oz. of malt liquor, 4 oz. of wine, or 1.5 oz. of hard liquor. Using the Timeline Followback (TLFB; Sobell & Sobell, 1996), participants will indicate how many drinks they consumed on each day of the past three months. For days alcohol was consumed, participants will also note the number of hours spent drinking.

Self-reported measures of retrospective cannabis use will be collected via the TLFB calendar with modifications that incorporate current methods of consumption (e.g., joint, blunt, pipe/bowl, bong, edible, vaporizer cartridges, concentrate [including wax, oil, rosin, capsules, and tinctures], and other) and amount (e.g., in grams/mg).

Alcohol-related consequences (e.g., said or done embarrassing things, blackout) from the past three months will be measured using the established Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (BYAACQ; Read, Kahler, Strong, & Colder, 2006). Response options will be measured on a 7-point scale ranging from (0) no, not in the past 3 months to (6) 11 or more times in the past 3 months.

Participants will be asked to report on the frequency of experiencing a variety of cannabis-related consequences (e.g., neglected obligations, driven a car high) within the past three months using the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ; Simons, Dvorak, Merrill, & Read, 2012). Response options will be measured on a 7-point scale ranging from (0) no, not in the past 3 months to (6) 11 or more times in the past 3 months

Days on the TLFB when participants report using both alcohol and cannabis will be identified as co-use days.

Parental communication about alcohol, cannabis, and consequences of using alcohol and cannabis will be assessed separately for mothers and fathers. Participants will be asked how often their parent discussed these topics with them within the past three months. Response options will be measured on a 5-point scale ranging from (0) not at all to (4) a great deal.

General communication (e.g., my mother/father is there for me when I want to talk) will be assessed separately for mothers and fathers based on level of agreement on a 7-point scale ranging from (1) strongly disagree to (7) strongly agree.

Motives will be assessed for using alcohol (e.g., to be sociable; Cooper, 1994). Response options range from (1) almost never/never to (5) almost always/always.

Motives will be assessed for using cannabis (e.g., to relieve boredom; Lee et al., 2009). Response options range from (1) Almost never/never to (5) Almost always/always.

Expectancies for using alcohol (e.g., I will feel badly about myself because of my drinking) will be measured. Response options range from (1) strongly disagree to (7) strongly agree.

Expectancies for using cannabis (e.g., I won't be as sharp mentally because of my cannabis use) will be measured. Response options range from (1) strongly disagree to (7) strongly agree.

Willingness to use alcohol will be measured to assess participants' willingness to: 1) drink once or twice in two hours; 2) drink 3-4 times in two hours; and 3) drink 5+ times in two hours. Response options will be on a 7-point scale ranging from (1) strongly disagree to (7) strongly agree.

Willingness to use cannabis will be assessed with four items: occasionally, regularly, weekly, and daily. Response options range from (1) strongly disagree to (7) strongly agree.

Perceived peer descriptive norms of drinking for the past three months will be measured using the Daily Drinking Questionnaire (DDQ; Collins, Parks, & Marlatt, 1985).

Perceived peer descriptive norms of cannabis use for the past three months will be captured by asking how often their closest friends used cannabis in the past 3 months, (0) never to (6) 40 or more times.

To assess peer injunctive norms of alcohol use, participants will be asked to indicate how acceptable their closest friends would find a list of situations (e.g., drinking enough alcohol to pass out) using a (1) strongly disapprove to (7) strongly approve scale.

To assess peer injunctive norms of cannabis use, participants will be asked to indicate how acceptable their closest friends would find a list of situations (e.g., using cannabis occasionally) using a (1) strongly disapprove to (7) strongly approve scale.

To assess parental injunctive norms of alcohol use, participants will be asked to indicate how acceptable their parents would find a list of situations (e.g., drinking alone) using a (1) strongly disapprove to (7) strongly approve scale.

To assess parental injunctive norms of cannabis use, participants will be asked to indicate how acceptable their parents would find a list of situations (e.g., using cannabis occasionally) using a (1) strongly disapprove to (7) strongly approve scale.

To assess self-regulation, participants will be asked to indicate how much a list of statement apply to them (e.g., When I'm bored I fidget or can't sit still; I can calm myself down when I'm excited or all wound up) using a (1) not at all true for me to (5) really true for me scale.

To assess goal setting, participants will be asked to indicate to what extent the goal is important to them (e.g., To be around friends; To be admired by many) using a (1) not at all true for me to (5) really true for me scale.