Pilates Program in Female Adolescent With Eating Disorders

EDI-3 (Garner, 2004) is a self-report questionnaire that assesses the presence of eating disorders. The EDI-3 is composed of 91 items, organized into 12 main scales: 3 specific scales of eating behavior disorders (Drive for Thinness, DT; Bulimia, B; Body Dissatisfaction, BD) and 9 general psychological scales that are highly relevant, but not specific to eating disorders (Low Self-Esteem, LSE; Personal Alienation, PA; Interpersonal Insecurity, II; Interpersonal Alienation, IA; Interoceptive Deficits, ID; Emotional Dysregulation, ED; Perfectionism, P; Asceticism, A; Maturity Fears, MF). It also provides 6 composite scores: a specific one of the ED and 5 indices of integrative psychological constructs. The format of six-point Likert-scale responses: always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely or never. The score is between 0 and 4 points. The higher the score, the greater the disorder.

SenseWear Mini is a multi-sensor activity monitor that combines tri-axial accelerometry with physiological measurements (skin temperature, heat flux and galvanic skin response) for the estimation of several activity parameters. The information of the different sensors, together with the personal characteristics of the participant (sex, age, height, body weight and the use of hands) is processed through proprietary algorithms of the SenseWear software to estimate the energy expenditure, intensity of physical activity and the number of steps on a minute-by-minute basis.

InBody 770 (Inbody Co., LTD, Seoul, Korea) to measure body composition through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Parameters evaluated: Weight (kg); Total Body Water (L); Protein (kg); Minerals (kg); Body Fat Mass (kg); Soft Lean Mass (kg); Fat Free Mass (kg); Skeletal Muscle Mass (kg); Body Mass Index (kg/m2); Percent Body Fat (%); Bone Mineral Contect (kg).

ALPHA-Fitness Battery (Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness) was developed to provide a set of valid, reliable, safe and feasible field tests, in order to assess the physical fitness related to health in children and adolescents, and thus be used in a consensual manner in the Public Health system of the different member states of the European Union. There are three versions of the ALPHA-Fitness battery slightly different depending on the time available for the administration of the tests. We used the extended ALPHA-Fitness Battery. This version of the battery includes handgrip strength, standing broad jump, 4x10 m shuttle run test and 20 m shuttle run test (Ruiz et al., 2011).

The Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS) (Thompson & Gray, 1995) is a scale that evaluates the alterations of the body image. This instrument is a graphic scale, self-administered application, composed of nine female figures views from the front. The person is asked to indicate which figure represents their current body image (perceived body image) and what figure they would like to have (desired body image). The discrepancy between these two classifications represents a measure of body dissatisfaction. The degree of discrepancy varied between -8 and -1 for those who desire a thinner form and between 1 and 8 for those who desire a larger form. A score of 0 was interpreted as satisfaction with body image (Dion et al., 2015). On the other hand, the body image perception index is determined by the following formula: (Estimated size / Actual size) x 100, which would indicate over-estimation when the scores are greater than 100 and underestimation when they are less than 100.

KIDSCREEN-27 is a self-administered questionnaire that assesses the health and subjective well-being of children and adolescents (between the ages of 8 and 18) (Ravens-Sieberer et al., 2007). This questionnaire is composed of five dimensions on the Rasch scale: physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and parent relation, peers and social support and school environment. The responses were evaluated and analyzed according to standard algorithms. The recommended syntax steps were performed, including the transformation of Rasch person parameter estimates into Z values, obtaining scale scores as T values with mean scores (± SD) of 50 ± 10 that define normality for children and adolescents of 8-18 years in Europe. Higher scores indicate a higher HRQoL.

The International FItness Scale (IFIS) is a questionnaire that evaluates the physical fitness, of self-administered application, quickly and easily (Ortega et al., 2011). It consists of 5 items (general physical fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, speed/agility and flexibility) and each with 5 possible Likert-scale responses: "very poor", "poor", "average", "good" or " very good".

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for adolescents and young adults in Spanish version (AYA-PSQI-S) (de la Vega et al., 2015) is a questionnaire slightly adapted from the original (Buysse, Reynolds C. F., Monk, Berman, & Kupfer, 1989) to evaluate the subjective perception of sleep quality in the adolescent population. It consists of 19 items that are grouped into 7 dimensions: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The score of each component ranges from 0 (no difficulty) to 3 (severe difficulty) and the sum of all gives a total score that ranges from 0-21. A high score indicates poor sleep quality and less than 5 is considered high quality.

The following blood parameters measured in mg/dL were analyzed: glucose; total cholesterol; triglycerides; prealbumins; transferrin; urea; creatinine; calcium; phosphorus; magnesium; potassium; creatinine kinase; testosterone.

The following blood parameters measured in g/dL were analyzed: total proteins; albumins; hemoglobin; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration.

The following blood parameters measured in 10^3/μL were analyzed: platelets; red blood cells; leukocytes; lymphocytes; neutrophils; monocytes; basophils; eosinophils.

The following blood parameters measured in % were analyzed: hematocrit; red blood cell dispersion; transferrin saturation index.

The following blood parameter measured in fL were analyzed: mean corpuscular volume.

The following blood parameter measured in μg/dL were analyzed: iron.

The following blood parameter measured in mmol/L were analyzed: sodium.

The following blood parameters measured in ng/dL were analyzed: ferritin; vitamin D; thyroxine; prolactin.

The following blood parameter measured in μUI/mL were analyzed: thyrotropin.

The following blood parameters measured in mUI/mL were analyzed: follitropin; lutropin.

The following blood parameters measured in pg/mL were analyzed: estradiol.