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NCT Number: NCT07626801

Effect of Preoperative Periodontal Treatment on Postoperative Infection and Mortality After Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery

This retrospective observational study aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative periodontal treatment on postoperative infection and mortality in patients undergoing aortic and mitral valve surgery.

Patient records between 2015 and 2024 analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and and radiographic findings, evaluated. Postoperative outcomes such as infection, antibiotic use, length of hospital and intensive care unit stay, and mortality assessed.

The findings of this study may contribute to understanding the role of periodontal health in improving postoperative outcomes in cardiac surgery patients.

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Key information

Conditions

Periodontitis Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Diseases Heart Valve Disease Heart Valve Diseases Mouth Diseases Periodontal Diseases Postoperative Infection Stomatognathic Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Bakirköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital

Istanbul, Bakirköy, 34147, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has been associated with various systemic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and infective endocarditis. Oral pathogens and inflammatory mediators originating from periodontal tissues may enter the bloodstream and contribute to systemic inflammation and postoperative complications.

This retrospective observational study includes patients aged 18 years and older who underwent aortic and mitral valve surgery and received or not periodontal treatment within 15 days prior to surgery. Patient records from 2015 to 2024 has been reviewed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria has been applied to ensure data consistency and reliability.

Collected data included demographic characteristics, medical history, periodontal disease stages, DMFT scores, and radiographic findings. Postoperative variables such as infection status, antibiotic use, duration of hospitalization, intensive care unit stay, and mortality has been evaluated.

Statistical analyses performed using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests. Multivariate regression models used to identify factors associated with postoperative infection and mortality.

The aim of this study is to determine whether preoperative periodontal treatment has a significant impact on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent cardiac valve surgery
  • Availability of preoperative panoramic radiographs
  • Complete medical and dental records, including DMFT index and systemic clinical parameters
  • Patients with documented postoperative clinical follow-up data

Exclusion criteria

  • Patients under 18 years of age
  • Patients with incomplete or missing medical or radiographic records
  • Patients with a history of systemic conditions severely affecting bone metabolism (e.g., advanced malignancy, metabolic bone disease)
  • Patients who received recent periodontal treatment prior to radiographic assessment
  • Poor-quality radiographs that do not allow accurate evaluation

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

  1. Radiographic Alveolar Bone Loss Percentage Assessed on Panoramic Radiographs

    Time frame: Preoperative assessment (baseline)

    Radiographic periodontal bone loss have been assessed on panoramic radiographs by measuring the percentage of alveolar bone loss relative to root length. Bone loss severity will be categorized according to the extent of radiographic alveolar bone loss. Higher percentages indicate greater periodontal destruction and more severe periodontal disease.

  2. Periodontal disease diagnosis (presence and severity)

    Time frame: Preoperative assessment (baseline)

    Periodontal disease diagnosed based on radiographic findings and classified according to established periodontal disease criteria (e.g., mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis).

  3. DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth score)

    Time frame: Preoperative assessment (baseline)

    The DMFT index calculated from radiographic and clinical records to quantify cumulative dental caries experience in each patient.

  4. Postoperative infection-related clinical outcomes (fever duration)

    Time frame: Measured within the first 7 postoperative days following cardiac surgery.

    The number of days with postoperative fever (≥37.5°C) recorded from patient medical records and used as an indicator of postoperative infection.

  5. Length of postoperative hospital stay (days)

    Time frame: From the date of cardiac surgery until hospital discharge, assessed up to 30 days postoperatively.

    The duration of hospitalization has been recorded in days from the date of cardiac surgery until hospital discharge and compared according to preoperative oral and periodontal status.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (days)

    Time frame: From admission to the intensive care unit following cardiac surgery until ICU discharge, assessed up to 30 days postoperatively.

    The number of days spent in the intensive care unit following cardiac surgery recorded and analyzed according to preoperative oral and periodontal health status.

  2. Time to initiation of oral feeding (days)

    Time frame: From the date of cardiac surgery until initiation of oral feeding, assessed up to 30 days postoperatively.

    The number of days from cardiac surgery to the initiation of oral feeding recorded and evaluated as an indicator of postoperative recovery.

  3. Postoperative C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Level

    Time frame: Measured within the first 7 postoperative days following cardiac surgery.

    Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, measured in milligrams per liter (mg/L), obtained from medical records and analyzed as an indicator of postoperative systemic inflammatory response. Higher values indicate a greater inflammatory response.

  4. Postoperative White Blood Cell (WBC) Count

    Time frame: Measured within the first 7 postoperative days following cardiac surgery.

    White blood cell count, measured in ×10⁹ cells/L, obtained from medical records and analyzed as an indicator of postoperative systemic inflammatory response. Higher values indicate a greater inflammatory response.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Effect of Preoperative Periodontal Treatment on Postoperative Infection and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery: A Retrospective Study

Acronym: Perio-CVS

Important dates

Study start
2015
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2025
First posted
Jun 4, 2026
Registry last updated
Jun 4, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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