CBCT for Spiritual Health Clinicians

The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) is a 42-item likert-scale measure that assesses the frequency of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress during the past week. Respondents indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement on a scale of 0 to 3 where 0 = does not apply to me at all and 3 = applied to me very much, or most of the time. Total scores range from 0 to 126 and higher scores indicate increased feelings of depression, anxiety and stress.

The Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) is a 14-item inventory assessing emotional well-being. Participants indicate how frequently they have experienced different feelings (such as feeling happy) in the past month. Responses are are a 6-point scale where 0 = never and 5 = every day. Total scores range from 0 to 70 and higher scores indicate greater well being.

The Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) is a 30-item inventory, the ProQOL is the most commonly used measure of the negative and positive effects of helping others who experience suffering. It has sub-scales for compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue. The sub-scales are summed and converted to t-scores with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Scores higher than 57 indicate professional satisfaction while scores below 40 indicate possible problems with feeling satisfied professionally.

The School-Burnout Inventory is a 9-item survey asking students about how much burnout, in the context of an academic environment, they have felt in the past month (for example, "I feel overwhelmed by my schoolwork"). Respondents indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement on a scale of 1 to 6 where 1 = completely disagree and 6 = completely agree. Total scores can range from 9 to 54, with higher scores indicating more burnout.

The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (R-UCLA) is a 20-item questionnaire measuring general feelings of social isolation and dissatisfaction with one's social interactions. Participants rate each item on a scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often). When scoring the scale, certain items are reversed so that low scores correspond with low loneliness. Total scores range from 20 to 80, where high scores indicate high feelings of loneliness.

The Empathic Accuracy (EA) Task is a dynamic video assessment that asks subjects to continuously rate the emotions of others as they tell emotional autobiographical stories. Empathic accuracy is the correlation between feelings of the story-tellers in the video and what the participants perceive the story-tellers feelings to be.

The Spiritual Meaning Scale (SMS) is a 15-item, likert-scale inventory that assesses the extent to which someone endorses a belief in something larger than themselves. Participants respond to statements like "life is inherently meaningful" on a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 = I totally disagree, 3 = I'm in between, and 5 = I totally agree. Certain items are scored in reverse. The total score ranges from 15 to 75 and higher scores indicate stronger belief.

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy is a 20-item scale designed to measure empathy in practicing health care professionals and health care professional students. Participants answer on a 7-point scale where 1 = strongly disagree and 7 = strongly agree. Total scores range from 20 to 140 where higher scores indicate increased empathy.

Patients will use the NCCN Distress Thermometer to rate levels of distress over the past week including the current day. The NCCN Distress Thermometer is a single-item screener of distress, with a scale from 0 (no distress) to 10 (extreme distress) represented through a visual graphic of a thermometer. Patients will complete the screening prior to having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The PROMIS Self-Efficacy for Managing Emotions is a 15-item Likert scale self-report measure ("not at all confident"; "a little confident"; "somewhat confident"; "quite confident" and "very confident") completed by patients, which asks them to reflect on their own confidence levels in managing and controlling symptoms of anxiety, depression, helplessness, discouragement, frustration, disappointment, and anger. Raw scores range from 15 to 75 with higher scores indicating increased self efficacy. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The PROMIS Positive Affect questionnaire is a 15-item Likert-scale self-report measure completed by patients, which assesses momentary positive or rewarding affective experiences such as feelings and moods associated with pleasure, joy, elation, contentment, pride, affection, happiness, engagement, and excitement. Raw scores range from 15 to 75 with higher scores indicating increased positive feelings. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report questionnaire used to screen for the presence of depression and anxiety in physically ill patients. It is divided into two subscales: Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression (HADS-D). Patients rate each item on a 4-point scale from 0 (absence) to 3 (extreme presence), with five of the 14 items reverse coded. Total scores range from 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating greater levels of anxiety and depression. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The PROMIS Emotional Support is a 4-item Likert-scale that assesses perceived feelings of being cared for and valued as a person. Each of the 4 questions has five response options ranging in value from one to five, with total scores ranging from 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate increased feelings of being supported emotionally. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The PROMIS Informational Support is a 4-item Likert-scale that assesses perceived availability of helpful information or advice. Each of the 4 questions has five response options ranging in value from one to five, with total scores ranging from 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate increased perception of available information. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The PROMIS Social Isolation is a 4-item Likert-scale that assesses perceptions of being avoided, excluded, detached, disconnected from, or unknown by, others. Each of the 4 questions has five response options ranging in value from one to five, with total scores ranging from 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate increased social isolation. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.

The Scottish Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) is an 18-item self-report Likert-scale that assesses how a hospitalized patient perceived the Spiritual Care visit both during and after the consult. It also assesses the patient's present state regarding their situation and whether they view themselves as a spiritual or religious person. Responses range in value from 1 (not at all) to 5 (all of the time). Total scores range from 18 to 90 with higher scores suggesting increased positive feelings about the spiritual care received. Patients will complete the questionnaire after having a Spiritual Health consult with the chaplain.