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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07049640

Acupressure and Cold Application on Pain, Anxiety, Comfort, and Hemodynamic Parameters

The ventrogluteal injection is an invasive and often painful procedure commonly performed in healthcare settings. This study aimed to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure.

Research questions

1. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on pain caused by the ventrogluteal injection procedure? 2. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on anxiety caused by the ventrogluteal injection procedure? 3. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on comfort during the ventrogluteal injection procedure? 4. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on pulse rate during the ventrogluteal injection procedure? 5. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on respiratory rate during the ventrogluteal injection procedure? 6. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on diastolic blood pressure during the ventrogluteal injection procedure? 7. What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on systolic blood pressure during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?

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Key information

Conditions

Acupressure Anxiety Disorders Cold Application Mental Disorders Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Siirt Training and Research Hospital

Siirt, 47200, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Acupressure and cold application can significantly reduce pain associated with intramuscular injections. This simple, cost-effective, and easily applicable intervention can be utilized across various healthcare settings to alleviate injection-related discomfort.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • 18-65 years old,
  • Patients prescribed at least two doses of penicillin per day,
  • There is an indication for injection administration
  • Volunteer to participate in the research will be included.

Exclusion criteria

  • Volunteer to participate in the research will not be included.

Treatment and study plan

Acupressure Group

Other

Effects of Acupressure Interventions

Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group

Other

Effects of Cold Application to Acupressure Points Interventions

Primary outcomes

  1. NPR-Pain Scale

    Time frame: "Average of 3 months"

    The number 0 on the scale means they feel no pain or anxiety, while the number 10 represents the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety.

  2. NPR-Anxiety Scale

    Time frame: "Average of 3 months"

    The number 0 on the scale means they feel no pain or anxiety, while the number 10 represents the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety.

  3. Comfort Scale for Injection

    Time frame: "Average of 3 months"

    The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 1, and the highest score is 5.

  4. Vital Signs follow-up Form

    Time frame: "Average of 3 months"

    Systolic and Diastolic Pressure 140/90 mmHg

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Mardin Artuklu University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Jul 3, 2025
Registry last updated
Feb 3, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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