Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT05579054

Translation, Validity, and Reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) - Turkish Version

Individuals with foot-ankle problems (plantar fasciitis, metarsalgia, pes planus, pes planovalgus/varus) will be included in the study. Permission was obtained from the research group that developed the scale to use the Original Foot Posture Index-6 (FPI-6). Cross-cultural adaptation of the FPI-6 will be made in line with the guidelines published by Ruberto and Beaton. First of all, the FPI-6 will be translated into Turkish by two translators whose native language is Turkish and who can speak English at an advanced level. Translations will be compared and discussed, and a Turkish version will be obtained with the equivalents that best represent each item in the texts. Secondly, this retranslated text will be independently translated back into English by two native English translators. In the third stage, two texts written in English will be synthesized by the authors, thus reaching a consensus on a single translation. Finally, the inconsistent parts of the text will be checked by a multidisciplinary team consisting of two native English-speaking translators, members of the English language and literature department, authors who developed the scale, and physiotherapists. Two independent physiotherapists will evaluate the participants' foot posture indexes by FPI-6 for inter-rater reliability. In addition, patients' quality of life, foot functions, hindfoot profiles will be evaluated. For the calculation of validity between measurements, rater-1 will apply the FPI-6 again to the same participants after 15 days for intra-rater reliability. Patients' functional independence, activities of daily living, and quality of life will also be evaluated for criterion validity. American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society-AOFAS, SF-36 and Foot Function Index questionnaires will be applied for the validity of FPI-6.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Foot Deformities Clubfoot Congenital Abnormalities Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Feet Pes Planus (Flatfoot) Flatfoot Foot Deformities, Acquired Foot Deformities, Congenital Foot Diseases Hallux Valgus Joint Diseases Limb Deformities, Congenital Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital Metatarsalgia Musculoskeletal Abnormalities Musculoskeletal Diseases Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Pes Planus Signs and Symptoms Talipes

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Güllü Aydın Yağcıoğlu

Isparta, 32100, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • being between the ages of 18-65,
  • having foot-ankle problems (plantar fasciitis, metatarsalgia, pes planus, pes planovalgus/varus, hallux valgus, pes cavus, pain)

Exclusion criteria

  • Having undergone any lower extremity surgery in the last two years,
  • patients with congenital foot deformity and neurological problems,
  • Individuals with lower or upper extremity pathology or a cognitive problem that may prevent or limit the application of the test protocol

Treatment and study plan

Foot Posture Index (FPI-6)

Diagnostic Test

FPI-6 is a valid and reliable assessment tool for pediatrics in which 6 items are scored separately for the right and left feet while the patient was in an upright position in a relaxed posture with their body-weight evenly distributed on the both feet. Each item is scored as -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 and the assessment categorized as follows: 0 to +5 normal; +6 to +9 pronated; 10+ higly pronated; -1 to -4 supianted; and -5 to -12 higly supinated.

Primary outcomes

  1. Foot Posture Index (FPI-6)

    Time frame: 10 minutes

    PI-6 is a valid and reliable assessment tool for pediatrics in which 6 items are scored separately for the right and left feet while the patient was in an upright position in a relaxed posture with their body-weight evenly distributed on the both feet. Each item is scored as -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 and the assessment categorized as follows: 0 to +5 normal; +6 to +9 pronated; 10+ higly pronated; -1 to -4 supianted; and -5 to -12 higly supinated.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Foot Function Index

    Time frame: 10 minutes

    Foot Function Index consists of 23 items with 3 subgroups as pain, disability and activity limitation. While the nine-item pain subscale measures the level of foot pain in various situations, the 9-item disability subscale determines the degree of difficulty in performing various functional activities depending on foot problems.

  2. American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society-AOFAS

    Time frame: 10 minutes

    American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society-AOFAS; This method, which evaluates the foot alignment and functional status of the participants, is the valid and reliable scoring system of the Turkish version developed by the American Foot and Ankle Orthopedic Society. The pain subscale is evaluated over a total of 40 points, the function subscale is evaluated over a total of 50 points, and the foot alignment subscale is evaluated over a total of 10 points. Higher scores indicate a better situation.

  3. SF-36

    Time frame: 15 minutes

    The SF-36 QoL test includes a total of 36 self-assessment questions that are classified into eight domains: physical functioning with ten questions, role-physical with four, bodily pain with two, general health with five, social functioning with two, role-emotional with three, mental health with five and vitality with four. The reference period for all of the questions was the last four weeks prior to the interview.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Suleyman Demirel University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2022
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2022
First posted
Oct 13, 2022
Registry last updated
Dec 21, 2022

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.