Transcutaneous Repetitive Phrenic Nerve Stimulation in Healthy Adults

Inclusion criteria

• Koreans who speak Korean as their mother tongue, aged 19 or older and younger than 40.
• Those who understood the purpose and procedure of this study and voluntarily participated with consent.

Exclusion criteria

• - Those who have any neuromuscular disease.

• Those whom abnormal findings are observed on a neurological examination. e.g.) Cases with abnormal findings in peripheral motor nerve (median nerve) and sensory nerve (sural nerve) conduction studies performed in screening.

e.g.) People who have been diagnosed with a neuromuscular junctional diseases such as myasthenia gravis or receiving related treatment.

• In the case of implantable electronic medical devices such as pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), and spinal cord stimulation devices.
• Those who have any history of radiation therapy or chemotherapy for cancer within a year.
• People who have a history of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease or lung disease within 6 months.
• Those who have been diagnosed with a psychiatric/neurological problem or taking related medications that may affect electrophysiological study.
• Those who are pregnant or may be pregnant.
• Those who are judged to lack the cognitive ability to understand the explanation of the purpose and procedure of this study.
• Those whom the researchers judge for other reasons to be inappropriate to participate in this study.