Throwers Ten Exercise Program Versus Shoulder Strengthening Exercises on Performance in Overhead Throwing Athletes.

Primary outcomes

1. Sitting Medicine Ball Throw Test

   Time frame: 6 weeks

   SMBTT was reliable with an ICC value of 0.98. The participants had to sit up erect against the wall on the ground. Their lower extremities were stretched, and a fitness ball weighing 2 kg was grasped at a 90-degree shoulder abduction with both limbs and the elbows flexed. The medicine ball was over-coated with gymnastic chalk after each throw to leave a clear mark on the floor. A measuring tape was mounted on the surface, reaching more than 10 meters. By throwing the exercise ball in a straight line, participants ensured maximum elbow-wall contact, with feet to back extended as long as possible. The medicine ball was thrown with arms spread out from the body to accommodate varying arm lengths. The angle connecting the wall and the closest point of the chalk mark was subtracted from the overall angle of the throw. Three tests were performed, with a 1-minute rest between each test

2. Throwing Accuracy test

   Time frame: 6 weeks

   The execution of the overarm throwing motion depended on many constraints, with velocity and accuracy being two main performance characteristics. After a general warm-up of 5 minutes, which included free movements of both upper extremities, throwing accuracy was tested in an overarm throw towards a target at a seven-meter distance. The subjects performed the throw while standing, placing the front foot on a line marked on the floor. They were instructed to aim at a 0.5 x 0.5 meter square marked on the wall at a height of 1.65 meters from the floor, 7 meters away. This experimental model had been used by Van de Tiller (2003) in their study "Effect of body size and gender in overarm throwing performance." Procedural reliability had been established in this study prior to the test using a red tennis ball (weight 132 grams), which demonstrated good intrarater reliability (ICC = 0.842). The subjects attempted seven throws per test. The first two throws were not recorded and were used as pr

3. 1 Repetition Maximum

   Time frame: 6 weeks

   The participant was seated on a bench with back support.A barbell/dumbbells were held at shoulder level with elbows flexed.The participant pressed the weight overhead until the elbows were fully extended.Proper posture was maintained without trunk compensation.The load was progressively increased until the participant could lift the weight only once with correct form.A rest period of 60-90 seconds was provided between attempts.The maximum weight lifted successfully in one attempt was recorded as the 1-RM shoulder press strength.The test was performed for the dominant arm