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NCT Number: NCT07509671

The Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy With Diet

The purpose of this clinical trial is to determine whether targeted nutritional changes can improve symptoms of painful diabetic neuropathy. Impaired blood flow to peripheral nerves-resulting in reduced oxygen delivery and subsequent nerve injury-is a well-established contributor to neuropathy. Prior studies have shown that a whole-food, plant-based diet without added oils can improve or even reverse arterial disease, suggesting a potential mechanism for enhancing nerve perfusion and function.

This study is a randomized controlled trial comparing a whole-food, plant-based diet with standard pharmacologic management for painful diabetic neuropathy.

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Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

AdventHealth Hendersonville

Hendersonville, North Carolina, 28759, United States

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Mary Stanford, Clinical Research Coordinator

CONTACT

[email protected]

828-654-8546

Sven Jonsson, MD

SUB_INVESTIGATOR

William J Beckworth, MD

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

About this study

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether dietary modification can improve symptoms of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) in a randomized controlled trial.

This will be a prospective, randomized controlled study comparing a dietary intervention with conventional medical management over a two-month period. Participants assigned to the conventional management group will have the option to cross over to the dietary intervention after two months, with additional outcomes assessed following crossover.

The dietary intervention is based on a prior case series demonstrating improvement in PDN with a whole-food, plant-based diet excluding all animal products and added oils. Participants will eliminate meat (red and white), dairy, eggs, and added oils. Those in the dietary group will also be encouraged to attend an optional cooking class to support adherence.

Conventional medical management will consist of optimized pharmacologic therapy, including antiepileptic agents (gabapentin or pregabalin), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (e.g., duloxetine), tricyclic antidepressants, and over-the-counter options such as alpha-lipoic acid. Medications will be titrated to maximize pain relief while minimizing adverse effects.

This study will be conducted without external funding.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Definitive diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus (HgA1c ≥ 6.5) or pre-diabetes (HgA1c 5.7-6.4)
  • objective documentation of peripheral neuropathy on EMG/NCS testing defined as a sural-to-radial amplitude ratio of 0.21 or less
  • presence of painful neuropathy in addition to decreased sensation
  • with pain rated ≥4/10 on a 0-10 numerical rating scale (NRS)
  • age 18 years or older
  • ability to provide informed consent
  • ability to attend follow-up visits.

Exclusion criteria

  • Potential causes of neuropathy other than type II diabetes mellitus (as listed below)
  • type I diabetes
  • vitamin B12 deficiency
  • folate deficiency
  • thyroid dysfunction,
  • other nutritional deficiencies
  • autoimmune disorders
  • inflammatory disorders
  • HIV/AIDS
  • exposure to metals or toxins
  • multiple myeloma,
  • moderate to severe lumbar stenosis with neurogenic claudication

Treatment and study plan

Diet

Other

Plant-based diet

Other names: Plant-based diet

Medical management

Other

Medication optimization

Primary outcomes

  1. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

    Time frame: 2 months

    Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a 0-10 pain score with 0 being no pain and 10 being the worst pain ever.

  2. Average pain on Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient will be asked what his or her "average" pain has been over the last 3 days. This will be on the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain ever.

  3. ≥50% improvement of pain

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient will be asked if his or her average pain over the past 3 days is ≥50% better than baseline pain. This will be comparing the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain ever.

  4. ≥75% improvement of pain

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient will be asked if his or her average pain over the past 3 days is ≥75% better than baseline pain. This will be comparing the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain ever.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Worst Pain Score on Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient will be asked what his or her worst pain is on a daily basis using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain ever.

  2. Numbness location

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient asked the following:

    How far up does your numbness go in both lower extremities: (circle one):

    • Toes
    • Mid foot
    • Entire foot
    • Ankle
    • Mid calf
    • Knee
  3. Sleep

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient is asked the following questions.

    How is your sleep? Circle one: good moderate poor

    • How many hours are you sleeping a night? ___________________
    • Is your sleep improved since the start of study? ______________ (yes or no)
  4. Diabetes medication

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient is asked:

    List your diabetes medications and doses.

  5. Pain medication

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient is asked the following question. List your pain medications and doses.

  6. % pain improvement

    Time frame: 2 months

    Patient is asked:

    What percentage of has your pain improved compared to the start of the study? ____________ (0% = no change to 100% complete relief of pain)

  7. % numbness improvement

    Time frame: 2 months

    What percent is your numbness improved compared to baseline? (0% = no improvement, 100% complete improvement)

  8. Increased function

    Time frame: 2 months

    Have you been able to increase your function (walking, getting around, steadiness on feet)? _________ (yes or no)

  9. Compliance with diet

    Time frame: 2 months

    If you are in the diet group, how compliant have you been with your diet? Chose one:

    • 0% (not compliant at all)
    • 25%
    • 50%
    • 75%
    • 90%
    • 100% (completely compliant at all times)
  10. Global impression of change

    Time frame: 2 months

    Rate your global impression of change of your diabetic neuropathy (chose one):

    • Very much improved
    • Much improved
    • Moderately improved
    • Minimally improved
    • No change
    • Worse
    • Much worse
    • Very much worse
  11. Weight

    Time frame: 2 months

    Weight in pounds measured at baseline and two months. This is measured in clinic.

  12. Blood pressure

    Time frame: 2 months

    Number of participants with abnormal blood pressure based off the 2017 American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Guidelines.

  13. Heart Rate

    Time frame: 2 months

    Number of participants with abnormal heart rate (outside of normal 60-100/min)

  14. Creatinine lab level

    Time frame: 2 months

    Number of participants with abnormal creatinine lab level (above 1.3 for males, 1.1 for females) and correlating with estimated glomerular filtration rate which is based off creatinine, age and sex. Kidney function will be based on the National Kidney Foundation guidelines (KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease).

  15. Lipid levels

    Time frame: 2 months

    Percentage of patients with abnormal lipid levels based on the American Heart Association's cholesterol guidelines and lipid reference values.

  16. Hemoglobin A1c

    Time frame: 2 months

    Percent of patients with abnormal hemoglobin A1c. Abormal values are based on American Diabetes Association (normal <5.7, pre-diabetes 5.7-6.4, diabetes ≥6.5).

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Mary Stanford, Clinical Research Coordinator

CONTACT

[email protected]

828-654-8546

William J Beckworth, MD

CONTACT

[email protected]

828-654-8546

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

AdventHealth

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy With Diet, a Randomized-controlled Trial

Important dates

Study start
2024
Primary completion
2027
Study completion
2028
First posted
Apr 3, 2026
Registry last updated
Apr 30, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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