The Sedative Effects of Music Listening on Pain During Cold Pressor Test

Pain tolerance will be measured as the total duration (in seconds) that participants are able to keep their hand immersed in cold water during each phase. A stopwatch will be used to record immersion time.

The time elapsed between the onset of hand immersion in cold water and the participant's first reported perception of pain will be recorded. This measure provides insight into how musical conditions may influence the temporal perception of pain onset.

Pain intensity is assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where participants rate their perceived pain during each phase of the cold pressor test. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents "the worst possible pain."

A study-specific, 15-item multi-dimensional questionnaire designed to evaluate participants' subjective experience across:

• Pain and Anxiety Perception (e.g., categorical rating from "Mild" to "Intense").
• Emotional Response to Music (e.g., 5-point scale from "Very Relaxed" to "Anxious").
• Music Preference and Familiarity (e.g., selection of preferred musical mode).
• Cumulative Experience (e.g., comparative assessment of pain tolerance). For the scaled items (such as Question 7: "Effect of music on pain level"), scores range from 1 (No effect) to 5 (Very significant effect), where higher scores indicate a better outcome (greater perceived music effectiveness). Qualitative open-ended responses regarding emotional tone and rhythm are collected to provide contextual depth to the physiological data.