The Effect of Massage on Diabetic Parameters

Primary outcomes

1. Means of Peripheral Neuropathy Sign and Symptom Score

   Time frame: Change from baseline Neuropathy score at 3 months

   Peripheral neuropathy consists of two parts: symptom and symptom score. For the peripheral neuropathy symptom score;

   • Discomfort they feel in their feet,
   • Location of complaints,
   • The presence of complaints increases at night,
   • Time of occurrence of complaints and
   • 5 questions will be asked about how the complaints decreased. Peripheral neuropathy symptom score obtained from 5 questions was 0-2 points, "normal"; 3-4 points, "mild neuropathy"; 5-6 points, "moderate neuropathy"; A score of 7-9 will be considered "severe neuropathy".

   For peripheral neuropathy finding score; It will be determined based on four parameters including 1. Vibration sense, 2. Pimpiric test, 3. Achille tendon reflex, 4. Protective sensory examination

2. Means of Ankle-Brachial Index Score

   Time frame: Change from baseline Ankle-Brachial Index score at 3 months

   It is calculated by dividing the tibialis posterior pressure by the brachial arterial pressure. The highest of the four measurements at the ankles and feet is divided by the two higher brachial measurements. The normal value is close to 1.

3. Means of HbA1c (%)

   Time frame: Change from baseline HbA1c score at 3 months

   HbA1c values of the participants will be monitored as a glycemic control parameter. The HbA1c value will be evaluated at baseline and 3 months later, as it represents the three-month average blood glucose value. For the measurement of HbA1c, the test results within the last week will be taken from the participants at the beginning and a blood sample will be taken into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) coated tubes (2 mL whole) by a nurse three months later.

4. Means of systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

   Time frame: Change from baseline systolic blood pressure at 3 months

   It will be measured by the researcher with a manual measurement tool.

5. Means of diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

   Time frame: Change from baseline diastolic blood pressure at 3 months

   It will be measured by the researcher with a manual measurement tool.

6. Means of heart rate (/minutes)

   Time frame: Change from baseline heart rate at 3 months

   It will be measured by the researcher with a pulse oximeter.

7. Means of oxygen saturation (%)

   Time frame: Change from baseline oxygen saturation at 3 months

   It will be measured by the researcher with a pulse oximeter.

8. Means of diabetic foot risk score

   Time frame: Change from baseline diabetic foot risk score at 3 months

   "Inlow's 60-second Diabetic Food Screen" form will be used in diabetes foot risk assessment. Diabetic foot examination consists of 12 parameters. Skin Assessment, Evaluation of Nail Structure, deformity, Evaluation of the Shoe, Heat Evaluation - Being Cold, Heat Evaluation - Being Hot, Range of Motion Evaluation, Sensory Evaluation, Sensory Evaluation (Assessment with questions directed to individuals), Evaluation of Pedal Pulses, Dependent Rubor Evaluation, Evaluation of Erythema (Redness). The minimum score to be taken from the foot examination form is evaluated as 0 and the maximum score as 23 points. The higher the score, the higher the risk of diabetic foot.