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NCT Number: NCT04450238

The Dual Factor Model of Mental Health in Inpatients

The Dual Factor Model of mental health (DFM; Greensporn & Saklofske, 2001) postulates that mental health consists of two at least partially unrelated factors, the experience or absence of psycho-pathological symptoms (i.e. depressive symptoms) and the experience or absence of positive mental health (i.e. life satisfaction, meaningfulness). Both factors contribute to an individual's well-being and mental health.The DFM has been used as a framework to describe and evaluate participants' mental health in different settings in cross-sectional and longitudinal designs mostly outside of clinical settings. Psychological Interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy are widely studied concerning their reduction of psycho-pathological symptoms. However, little is known about the effect of psychological interventions on the second factor (positive mental health) of the DFM. This is especially important, because the latter has been shown to contribute significantly to subjective well-being and to reduce the risk of suicidal intentions and behavior.

Primary, the authors aim to investigate the DFM in an inpatient sample over the course of time (pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6 and 12 months after discharge). Secondly, they aim to investigate the relationship between positive mental health and suicidal ideation over the course of time.

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Key information

Conditions

Psychological Disease Behavior Behavioral Symptoms Depression Self-Injurious Behavior Suicidal Ideation Suicide

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Stillachhaus Privatklinik

Oberstdorf, Bavaria, 87561, Germany

About this study

Participants will be divided into four groups according to the DFM over the course of time:

  • unhappy: high psychopathology and low positive mental health; depression and/or anxiety scores above published cut -offs and positive mental health scores under published cut offs.
  • symptomatic but content: high psychopathology and high positive mental health; depression and/or anxiety scores above published cut -offs and normal to high positive mental health scores
  • vulnerable: low psychopathology and low positive mental health; depression and/or anxiety scores under published cut -offs and positive mental health scores under published cut offs
  • Complete mental health: low psychopathology and high positive mental health; depression and/or anxiety scores under published cut -offs normal to high positive mental health scores.

The authors will then depict the movements of patients through these groups graphically and use regression analyses to check for differences according to age, diagnosis and gender.

Towards the second aim they will use regression analyses to investigate the protective effect of positive mental health on suicidal ideation or behavior.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

-inpatients at the Stiilachaus Privatklinik

Exclusion criteria

-None

Treatment and study plan

Routine care inpatient treatment

Behavioral

All participants are receiving inpatient treatment consisting of a variety of psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, third-wave interventions, psycho-education and in some cases medication.

Primary outcomes

  1. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21; Nilges et al., 2016)

    Time frame: In the first 3 days of treatment

    Measures depression, anxiety and stress with 21 items. Scores range from 0-63 with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety, depression and stress.

  2. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21; Nilges et al., 2016)

    Time frame: In the last three days of treatment

    Measures depression, anxiety and stress with 21 items. Scores range from 0-63 with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety, depression and stress.

  3. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21; Nilges et al., 2016)

    Time frame: 6 months after discharge

    Measures depression, anxiety and stress with 21 items. Scores range from 0-63 with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety, depression and stress.

  4. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21; Nilges et al., 2016)

    Time frame: 12 months after discharge

    Measures depression, anxiety and stress with 21 items. Scores range from 0-63 with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety, depression and stress.

  5. Positive mental health scale (PMH; Lukat et al., 2016)

    Time frame: In the first 3 days of treatment

    Measures positive psychological functioning with 9 items. Scores range from 0-27 with higher scores indicating more positive mental health.

  6. Positive mental health scale (PMH; Lukat et al., 2016)

    Time frame: In the last three days of treatment

    Measures positive psychological functioning with 9 items. Scores range from 0-27 with higher scores indicating more positive mental health

  7. Positive mental health scale (PMH; Lukat et al., 2016)

    Time frame: 6 months discharge

    Measures positive psychological functioning with 9 items. Scores range from 0-27 with higher scores indicating more positive mental health

  8. Positive mental health scale (PMH; Lukat et al., 2016)

    Time frame: 12 months discharge

    Measures positive psychological functioning with 9 items. Scores range from 0-27 with higher scores indicating more positive mental health.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ; Osman et al., 2001) ).

    Time frame: In the first 3 days of treatment

    Assesses past and current suicidal ideation and behavior. Scores range from 3-18 with higher scores indicating a higher risk for suicidal behavior.

  2. Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ; Osman et al., 2001) ).

    Time frame: In the last three days of treatment

    Assesses past and current suicidal ideation and behavior. Scores range from 3-18 with higher scores indicating a higher risk for suicidal behavior.

  3. Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ; Osman et al., 2001) ).

    Time frame: 6 months after discharge

    Assesses past and current suicidal ideation and behavior. Scores range from 3-18 with higher scores indicating a higher risk for suicidal behavior.

  4. Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ; Osman et al., 2001) ).

    Time frame: 12 months after discharge

    Assesses past and current suicidal ideation and behavior. Scores range from 3-18 with higher scores indicating a higher risk for suicidal behavior.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ruhr University of Bochum

Other

Collaborators

  • Stillachhaus Privatklinik

Registry information

Official study title

The Dual Factor Model of Mental Health: A Longitudinal Study in Inpatients

Important dates

Study start
2017
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2022
First posted
Jun 29, 2020
Registry last updated
Jun 18, 2023

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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