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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07412639

Tabata Exercise on Nitric Oxide Synthases and Maresin

Smoking causes chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction through alterations in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathways. Maresin is an anti-inflammatory pro-resolving lipid mediator that plays important roles in the resolution of inflammatory processes. Tabata exercise is a short-duration, high-intensity exercise modality with beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of tabata exercise on iNOS, eNOS, and Maresin levels, as well as the relationships among these biomarkers, in smokers and non-smokers.

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Key information

Conditions

Smoking Behavior Cigarette Smoking Smoking, Cigarette Tobacco Smoking Tobacco Use

Age range

18 year–40 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Atatürk University

Erzurum, Yakutiye, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age between 18 and 40 years
  • No regular participation in structured physical exercise for at least 6 months prior to enrollment
  • Absence of any acute or chronic inflammatory disease at baseline
  • No history of cardiovascular, metabolic, pulmonary, or neurological disorders
  • Ability to comply with the study protocol and complete the tabata exercise program
  • Provision of written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Initiation or cessation of smoking during the study period
  • Use of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, corticosteroid, or vasoactive medications
  • Acute infection, surgical intervention, or major trauma within the preceding 3 months
  • Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, or chronic pulmonary disease
  • History of alcohol or substance abuse
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Musculoskeletal or orthopedic conditions that could limit participation in tabata exercise
  • Inability to adhere to the exercise protocol or failure to complete follow-up assessments

Treatment and study plan

Tabata Exercise Protocol

Other

The Tabata protocol consisted of 20-second high-intensity intervals exceeding 70 % of VO₂max and approaching ~90 % of VO₂max, followed by 10 seconds of rest, repeated for 4 minutes per set. Exercises included high knees, froggers, speed skaters, jumping jacks, and mountain climbers. Following the original Tabata design [29], each work-rest cycle was repeated eight times.

Each training session began with a 10-15 minute warm-up and concluded with a 10-15 minute cool-down. The total number of sets ranged from 1 to 4, and the number of exercises per session ranged from 4 to 8. Training intensity progressively increased from 30 % to 89 % of maximal effort according to the principle of progressive overload.

Primary outcomes

  1. serum inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) level

    Time frame: 6 week after exercise

    iNOS level were quantified using immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturers' instructions.

  2. serum inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) level

    Time frame: 12 week after exercise

    iNOS level were quantified using immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturers' instructions.

  3. serum endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) synthase level

    Time frame: 6 week after exercise

    eNOS level were quantified using immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturers' instructions.

  4. serum endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) synthase level

    Time frame: 12 week after exercise

    eNOS level were quantified using immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturers' instructions.

Secondary outcomes

  1. serum maresin level

    Time frame: 6 week after exercise

    Maresin level were quantified using immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturers' instructions.

  2. serum maresin level

    Time frame: 12 week after exercise

    Maresin level were quantified using immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturers' instructions.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ataturk University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Differential Effects of Tabata Exercise on Nitric Oxide Synthases and Maresin in Smokers and Non-Smokers

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Feb 17, 2026
Registry last updated
Feb 17, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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