Single Incision Laparoscopy

Inclusion criteria

• Ages 18-75
• Patient has consented for a laparoscopic operation (independent of study participation)
• Attending surgeon decides operation can be completed via a single incision laparoscopic approach

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with BMI greater than 40
• Minors and cognitively impaired individuals
• Patients who are ASA class IV - Illness that is a constant threat to life
• Patients with ascites or Child's class C of liver failure
• Patients with known common bile duct stones
• Patients with coagulopathy, abnormal coagulation studies, or who take heparin, coumadin, Plavix (clopidogrel), aspirin, or other medication for the purpose of anti-coagulation and cannot be removed from the medication prior to the operation.
• Patients who present with incarcerated (irreducible) or strangulated hernias
• Patients with preoperative hematocrits less than 25.
• Preoperative hematocrit less than 25.
• Patients who have evidence of hemodynamic instability including systolic blood pressure greater than 200 or less than 80.
• Heart rate greater than 130 or less than 50. Respiratory rate greater than 35 or less than 6. Patients who are on continuous pressor drip for blood pressure support.
• Patients who present for emergency adrenalectomy.
• Patients with CT scan evidence of an abdominal abscess.
• Patients who present 48 hours after the onset of abdominal pain (appendectomy patients)