SAR231893-LPS15497- "Dupilumab Effect on Sleep in AD Patients"

Sleep quality NRS was used to assess the quality of the participant's previous night's sleep. It was collected on a 11-point scale ranged from 0 (worst possible sleep) to 10 (best possible sleep), where higher score indicated better outcome. Percent change from Baseline in sleep quality NRS at Week 12 was reported in this outcome measure.

Peak Pruritus NRS was an assessment tool that was used by participants to report the intensity of their pruritus (itch) during a 24-hour recall period. Participants were asked the following question: "On a scale of 0 to 10, with 0 being 'no itch' and 10 being the 'worst itch imaginable', how would you rate your itch at the worst moment during the previous 24 hours?". Participants answered the question at the specified time point (for the last 24 hours) on the scale of 0 (no itch) to 10 (worst itch imaginable), where higher scores indicated greater severity.

SCORAD is a validated scoring index for AD, which consists of 3 components i.e., A =extent or affected body surface area (BSA) assessed as a percentage of each defined body area and reported as the sum of all areas, with a maximum score of 100%. B=severity of 6 specific symptoms of AD (redness, swelling, oozing/crusting, excoriation, skin thickening/lichenification, dryness) assessed using the following scale: none (0), mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3) (for a maximum of 18 total points) and C=subjective symptoms scored by participants on VAS, where "0" is no itch (or no sleeplessness) and "10" is the worst imaginable itch (or sleeplessness) with a maximum score of 20. SCORAD total score was calculated using these 3 aspects: extent (A: 0-100), severity (B: 0-18), and subjective symptoms (C: 0-20) using the formula: A/5 + 7*B/2+ C to give the SCORAD total score range of 0 to 103, where 0 = no disease to 103 = severe disease. Higher values of SCORAD represent worse outcome.

SCORAD is a validated scoring index for AD, which combines extent (A, 0-100), severity (B, 0-18), and subjective symptoms (C, 0-20) based on itch and sleeplessness, each scored (0-10). The SCORAD for an individual was calculated by the formula: A/5 + 7B/2 + C (can range from 0 to 103). Subjective symptoms (i.e., itch and sleeplessness/sleep loss) were each scored by the participant using a VAS ranging from 0 to 10, where "0" is no itch (or no sleep loss) and "10" is the worst imaginable itch (or sleeplessness). Change from Baseline in SCORAD sleeplessness/sleep loss VAS score is reported in this outcome measure.

PROMIS is a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), Level 2, sleep disturbance measure. In this study, 8- item PROMIS Sleep Related Impairment SF8a that assesses the domain of sleep related impairment in the past 7 days in individuals aged 18 and older, was used. Each item asks the participant to rate the severity of the participant's sleep related impairment during the past 7 days (at each specified visit) on a 5-point scale (1 = not at all; 2 = a little bit; 3 = somewhat; 4 = quite a bit; and 5 = very much) with raw score ranging from 8 to 40; higher scores indicating greater severity of sleep impairment. PROMIS T-score rescales the raw score into a standardized score with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. Possible range for T-score is 30 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater severity of sleep impairment.

A sleep diary was designed to gather information about participant's daily sleep pattern. It measured night-time sleep assessments. TST (in minutes) was calculated using the formula: Time of waking up for the day minus time of falling sleep minus Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO), where WASO = time awake after initial sleep onset but before the final awakening for the day. Data for WASO was collected from Question 3 of the Sleep Diary: "Considering all the times you woke up last night, how much time were you awake in total?". Baseline and Post-baseline weekly average data were calculated based on the mean of the data over the 7 days prior to and including the day at the Baseline or at the end of the corresponding week. In this outcome measure, change from Baseline in TST at Week 12 is reported.

A sleep diary was designed to gather information about participant's daily sleep pattern. It measured night-time sleep assessments. SE was calculated using the formula: (TST divided by [Time of waking up for the day - Time of trying to fall sleep]) multiplied by 100 percent (%). TST (in minutes) was calculated using the formula: Time of waking up for the day minus time of falling sleep minus Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO), where WASO = time awake after initial sleep onset but before the final awakening for the day. Baseline and Post-baseline weekly average data were calculated based on the mean of the data over the 7 days prior to and including the day at the Baseline or at the end of the corresponding week. In this outcome measure, change from Baseline in SE at Week 12 is reported.

A sleep diary was designed to gather information about participant's daily sleep pattern. It measured night-time sleep assessments. WASO = time awake (in minutes) after initial sleep onset but before the final awakening for the day. Data for WASO was collected from Question 3 of the Sleep Diary: "Considering all the times you woke up last night, how much time were you awake in total?". Baseline and Post-baseline weekly average data were calculated based on the mean of the data over the 7 days prior to and including the day at the Baseline or at the end of the corresponding week. In this outcome measure, change from Baseline in WASO at Week 12 is reported.

A sleep diary was designed to gather information about participant's daily sleep pattern. It measured night-time sleep assessments. SOL (in minutes) was calculated using the formula: Time of falling sleep - Time of trying to fall sleep. Baseline and Post-baseline weekly average data were calculated based on the mean of the data over the 7 days prior to and including the day at the Baseline or at the end of the corresponding week. In this outcome measure, change from Baseline in SOL at Week 12 is reported.

EASI evaluates severity of participants with AD (excluded scalp, palms, soles) based on severity of AD clinical signs and % of body surface area (BSA) affected. Severity of clinical signs of AD (erythema, induration/papulation, excoriation and lichenification) scored separately for each of 4 body regions (head and neck, upper limbs, trunk [including axillae and groin] and lower limbs [including buttocks]) on 4-point scale: 0= absent; 1= mild; 2= moderate; 3= severe. EASI area score was based upon % BSA with AD in each body region: 0, 1 (1% to 9%), 2 (10% to 29%), 3 (30% to 49%), 4 (50% to 69%), 5 (70% to 89%), and 6 (90% to 100%). Total EASI score ranged from 0.0 to 72.0, higher scores = greater severity of AD. Percentage of participants with EASI-50 (>=50% improvement from Baseline in EASI score) at Week 12 is reported in this outcome measure.

EASI evaluates severity of participants with AD (excluded scalp, palms, soles) based on severity of AD clinical signs and % BSA affected. Severity of clinical signs of AD (erythema, induration/papulation, excoriation and lichenification) scored separately for each of 4 body regions (head and neck, upper limbs, trunk [including axillae and groin] and lower limbs [including buttocks]) on 4-point scale: 0= absent; 1= mild; 2= moderate; 3= severe. EASI area score was based upon % BSA with AD in each body region: 0, 1 (1% to 9%), 2 (10% to 29%), 3 (30% to 49%), 4 (50% to 69%), 5 (70% to 89%), and 6 (90% to 100%). Total EASI score ranged from 0.0 to 72.0, higher scores = greater severity of AD. Percentage of participants with EASI-75 (>=75% improvement from Baseline in EASI score) at Week 12 is reported in this outcome measure.

The POEM was a 7-item, validated questionnaire used in clinical practice and clinical trials to assess disease symptoms in children and adults with AD. The format is participant response to 7 items (dryness, itching, flaking, cracking, sleep loss, bleeding, and weeping) based on symptom frequency during the past week (i.e., 0 = 'no days', 1 = '1 to 2 days', 2 = '3 to 4 days', 3 = '5 to 6' days, and 4 = 'every day'). The sum of the 7 items gives the total POEM score of 0 (absent disease) to 28 (severe disease). Higher scores indicated more severe disease and poor quality of life.

DLQI was a 10-item questionnaire that measures the impact of skin disease. Each question was evaluated on a 4-point scale ranged from 0 to 3 where, 0 = not at all, 1= a little, 2= a lot, 3= very much, where higher scores indicated more impact on quality of life. Scores from all 10 questions were added up to give DLQI total score range from 0 (not at all) to 30 (very much). Higher scores indicated more impact on quality of life of participants.

An Adverse Event (AE) was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study drug and did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with the treatment. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were defined as any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose: resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect, was a medically important event. TEAEs were defined as AEs that developed, worsened or became serious during the TEAE period (from the first investigational medicinal product [IMP] administration to the last IMP administration + 14 days) in DB period.

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study drug and did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with the treatment. SAEs were defined as any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose: resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect, was a medically important event. TEAEs were defined as AEs that developed, worsened or became serious during the TEAE period (from the first IMP administration to the last IMP administration + 14 days).