RISS Versus ESP Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy may impair respiratory function and delay recovery. Fascial plane blocks have emerged as effective opioid-sparing analgesic techniques. The erector spinae plane (ESP) block and rhomboid intercostal-subserratus plane (RISS) block are ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia techniques that may provide effective postoperative analgesia while preserving respiratory mechanics.

This prospective randomized controlled study will compare bilateral ESP block and bilateral RISS block in adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The primary objective is to compare postoperative analgesic efficacy and diaphragmatic function. Secondary outcomes include postoperative opioid consumption, pain scores at rest and during movement, pulmonary function parameters, rescue analgesic requirements, and adverse events.

Inclusion criteria

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• Age between 18 and 75 years
• ASA physical status I-III
• Scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia
• Provision of written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Coagulation disorders or anticoagulant therapy
• Known allergy to local anesthetics
• Infection at the block application site
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Chronic opioid use
• Cognitive impairment
• Refusal to participate in the study
• Technical inability to perform the block
• Failed block