Production of Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Response to Different Fatty Acid Profiles

The gut microbiota interacts with the host's enteric and systemic functions through the production of gut microbiota-derived metabolites. A subset of these metabolites, the endocannabinoids (eCB) and their congeners are derived from fatty acids and play a crucial role in metabolic health.

The research project aims to study gut microbiota-derived metabolites, including the eCB and their congeners, in response to a 2-day diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids or rich in saturated fatty acids in individuals with or without abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes.

The investigators hope to better understand the kinetic production of circulating endocannabinoidome mediators derived from fatty acids in the diet.

Inclusion criteria

• Men and women aged between 45 and 65 years, menopaused women ;
• Body mass index between 20 to 35 kg/m² ;
• General good health ;
• Score of diet quality (HEI) between 40 and 70 ;
• Computer and Internet access ;
• Basic understanding of written French ;
• Daily stool frequency.

Exclusion criteria

• Intestinal pathologies including inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal cancers ;
• Alcohol consumption greater than 15 portions for men and 10 for women weekly.
• Active tobacco and cannabis usage ;
• Consumption of omega-3 dietary supplements ;
• Consumption of dietary supplements (vitamins and probiotics) - must be ceased 2 weeks before the dietary intervention ;
• Completion of a course of antibiotics in the past 3 months ;
• Important weight change (+/- 5 kg) in the past 6 months ;
• Type 1 diabetes or insulin-treated diabetes.