Prevention of Development of Transcutaneous Sensitization in Children With Atopic Dermatitis During Their First Year of Life

This experimental non-randomized clinical study is aimed at comparing the efficacy and safety assessment of the proposed topical therapy algorithms using topical glucocorticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors in reducing the severity of atopic dermatitis and the degree of development of transcutaneous sensitization in children of the first year of life. The study included more than 100 children aged 2 to 4 months, who, depending on the decision of the researcher, were divided into two groups. During the period of acute manifestations / exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, patients of both groups received basic therapy, which included the use of a topical glucocorticosteroid (0.1% methylprednisolone aceponate cream) 2 times a day in combination with emollients 2 times a day for 10 days. After the relief of acute inflammatory manifestations, the patients were prescribed proactive therapy, including the use of a topical calcineurin inhibitor or a topical glucocorticosteroid, as a result of which comparison groups were formed. Group No. 1, after the end of basic therapy, received a topical calcineurin inhibitor (1% cream pimecrolimus), which was prescribed in the mode 2 times a day for 3 months, and then in the mode of double application (morning / evening) 3 times a week for up to 1 year. life; Group No. 2 after the end of basic therapy received a topical glucocorticosteroid (methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1%) 2 times a week for 3 months, and then - with exacerbation of AD. Patients of both groups used emollients for a long time in the mode 1-2 times a day. The safety and efficacy of the assigned algorithm was assessed by an investigator at the center. Efficacy was measured using the EASI (Eczema Area and Severity Index) score at screening and then at 6, 9 and 12 months of age. And also by tracking the dynamics of the class and level of sIgE to food (cow's milk protein, chicken egg protein, wheat, soy) and household (hx2 "house dust mixture: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Blatella germanica") allergens using an automated immunological analyzer ImmunoCAP250 (UniCAP System / Phadia AB, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sweden) at the time of screening and then at 6 and 12 months of age.

Inclusion criteria

• The severity of atopic dermatitis according to the EASI index (Eczema Area and Severity Index, index of prevalence and severity of eczema)> 7 points (moderate and / or severe course of atopic dermatitis);
• A burdened family allergic history (at least one of the parents has atopic dermatitis, food allergy, bronchial asthma and / or allergic rhinitis);
• The presence of sensitization in the child to one or more of the studied food and household allergens, determined at the screening stage by the ImmunoCAP method: cow's milk protein, chicken egg protein, wheat, soy, hx2 "house dust mixture: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Blatella germanica ".

Exclusion criteria

• Use of topical calcineurin inhibitors (pimecrolimus) in the last 30 days prior to inclusion in the study;
• A history of concomitant severe neurological, endocrinological, cardiovascular, hepatic and renal diseases;
• The presence of acute bacterial, viral infections;
• The child's lack of sensitization to detectable food and household allergens;
• Clinically significant changes in the general analysis of urine, general analysis of blood, biochemical analysis of blood;
• Refusal to sign an informed consent to participate in the study;
• Inability to observe the patient during the study.