Post Intensive Care Accelerometery to Study and Support Recovery Outcomes

Many people who survive a critical illness continue to face physical, emotional, and social challenges for a prolonged period afterwards. The Critical Care Recovery Service (CCRS) supports recovery across three acute hospitals in NHS Lothian, providing coordinated physical and psychological rehabilitation for ICU survivors. Within this diverse group, rehabilitation needs are graded as low or high risk using a validated screening checklist to identify patients with complex health and social care needs.

This study is designed to collect patient reported outcome data and movement data from the dominant wrist using an accelerometer among CCRS patients. Adult patients identified as being at high risk of complex rehabilitation needs are subjected for voluntary enrolment at hospital discharge. In addition to the routine CCRS follow ups, participants in our study complete a structured telephone assessment to evaluate their health related quality of life, physical capabilities, and cognitive function over the two months following discharge, complemented by continuous wrist worn accelerometry for the entire study period.

This study will provide early evidence on the feasibility and value of integrating continuous wearable monitoring with repeated patient-reported assessments during the early post-ICU period. By linking real-world activity patterns with key domains of recovery, the findings will help identify meaningful digital indicators of deterioration or unmet rehabilitation needs.

Inclusion criteria

• Adults aged 18 years or older
• Mechanical ventilation for more than 3 days
• Total ICU length of stay greater than 7 days
• Classified as "High Risk" using a validated High-Risk Tool*
• Expected to be discharged from hospital within the next several days

Exclusion criteria

• Primary neurological diagnosis as the reason for ICU admission
• Identified by the clinical team as being on the palliative care pathway
• Physical activity primarily limited by the acute injury (e.g., major trauma or limb amputation)
• Unable to mobilise independently prior to the index hospitalisation requiring ICU admission due to a long-term condition and/or disability
• Lack of capacity or inability to provide informed consent

• The High-Risk Tool (Walsh et al., 2022) assesses eight domains: recent hospital admissions; multimorbidity (≥4 chronic conditions); polypharmacy (≥4 regular medications); prior mental health disorder; substance misuse history; current antidepressant or antipsychotic therapy; need for assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs); and living alone or fragile social circumstances. Patients meeting ≥3 domains are classified as high risk for post-ICU deterioration and readmission.