Phenylbutyrate/Genistein Duotherapy in Delta F508-Homozygous(for Cystic Fibrosis)

Subjects will be randomized to receive either the Phenylbutyrate or placebo tablets for 1 week, with a 2 out of 3 chance of receiving Phenylbutyrate at a standard adult dose, with visits on study days 1, 4, and 7. The study will last an additional 2 weeks to determine whether the effects of the Phenylbutyrate or Placebo persist for any length of time, with visits on study days 14 and 21. Every participant will receive the Genistein during the NPD on days 1 and 7. The dose of Genistein used will not be escalated and will be the same for every participant.

Safety evaluations at each visit will include a history, and physical exam and mental status exam, blood and urine tests, and lung function tests. The main physiologic outcome of the trial will be the assessment of salt and water transport NPD. In this way, we will assess whether genistein enhances the effect of phenylbutyrate to improve chloride transport in the nose by topical application of genistein to the nasal mucosa during the NPD procedure on study days 1 and 7.

Inclusion criteria

• Able to communicate with pertinent staff, able to understand and willing to comply with the requirements of the trial, and able and willing to give informed consent.
• Willing to practice a reliable and study-accepted method of contraception during the study.
• Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis consisting of both:

• clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis and
• cystic fibrosis genotype homozygous for Delta F508 and sweat sodium or chloride > 60 mEq/L
• Oxyhemoglobin saturation greater than or equal to 92% while breathing room air

Exclusion criteria

• Underlying diseases likely to limit life span and/or increase risk of complications:

• Cancer requiring treatment in the past 5 years, with the exception of cancers that have been cured, or in the opinion of the investigator, carry a good prognosis such as non-melanoma skin cancer, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and cervical cancer in situ.
• GI disease

i. Inflammatory bowel disease requiring treatment in the past year ii. elevations in ALT or AST levels to greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal

• Conditions or behaviors likely to affect the conduct of the study

• Current or anticipated participation in another intervention research project
• Recent (with 2 months) sinus surgery or nasal polypectomy
• Currently pregnant or less than 3 months post-partum
• Currently nursing or within 6 weeks of having completed nursing
• Unwilling to undergo pregnancy testing or to report possible or confirmed pregnancy promptly during the course of the study
• Unwilling to use a reliable contraceptive method for two months after the completion of the study.
• Major psychiatric disorder, which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede conduct of the study, e.g., alcoholism
• Other condition, which, in the opinion of the investigators, would impede conduct of the study.
• Glucocorticoids other than topical, ophthalmic, and inhaled preparations.
• Conditions that would place the patient at an increased risk for complications:

• Pneumothorax within the last 12 months
• Uncontrolled diabetes
• Asthma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis requiring systemic glucocorticoid therapy within the last two months
• Sputum culture growing a pathogen that does not have in vitro sensitivity to at least two types of antibiotics which could be administered to the patient
• History of major hemoptysis: (Greater than 240 mL of blood within a 24-hour period within the last 12 months).
• Medication use or conditions not specifically mentioned above, including severe or end stage CF lung disease, that may serve as criteria for exclusion at the discretion of the investigators.
• History of significant cardiovascular disease, such as myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, unstable arrhythmia, or uncontrolled hypertension.