Personalized Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapy for Rare Pediatric Genetic Disease: SCN2A

As measured by caregiver provided seizure diary

The Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy Functional Impact Scale (D-FIS) is an 18 item caregiver questionnaire that evaluates the impact of dyskinesia on daily functions. It is a validated assessment tool for children aged 2 years and 6 months to 18 years. It uses a 5-point ordinal scale, from 0 (no impact) to 4 (extreme impact), for each item and derives a total score from summing all 18 items. A higher score indicates more severe impact of dyskinesia and worse motor functioning.

The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (Vineland-3), is a standardized, validated, and reliable assessment tool designed to measure the adaptive behavior of individuals from birth through adulthood. The Vineland-3 Motor Skills domain evaluates gross and fine motor abilities in individuals from birth to age 9, offering insights into coordination, balance, mobility, and dexterity. The raw scores are converted to standard scores and growth scale value scores, with higher scores indicating better adaptive functioning.

The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development is a standardized, validated, and reliable assessment tool for evaluating developmental functioning in infants and toddlers. Its Motor Skills domain evaluates gross and fine motor abilities, including coordination, balance, and movement. The raw scores are converted to standard scores and growth scale value scores, with higher scores indicating better motor development.

The Bristol Stool Chart categorizes human feces into seven types, from Type 1 (severe constipation) to Type 7 (diarrhea), with Types 3 and 4 considered normal.

The Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) is an empirically developed scale tailored to measure psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances in individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD). It contains five domains: Irritability, Agitation, & Crying; Lethargy/Social Withdrawal; Stereotypic Behavior; Hyperactivity/Noncompliance; and Inappropriate Speech. Each question is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = not a problem to 3 = severe problem) to assess severity. Total scores per subscale reflect the extent of behavioral challenges, with higher scores indicating greater severity.

The Observer-Reported Communication Ability (ORCA) Measure is a questionnaire assessing communication abilities in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, significantly impacting verbal speech. It includes 84 questions, with 70 behavioral items across 22 concepts/functions and 14 descriptive items about individual communication methods, covering expressive, receptive, and pragmatic communication areas. The ORCA is validated for Angelman and Rett syndromes and is being evaluated for other disorders. The ORCA T-score ranges from 25.8 to 83.8, with higher ORCA T-scores indicate greater communication ability.

The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (Vineland-3), is a standardized, validated, and reliable assessment tool designed to measure the adaptive behavior of individuals from birth through adulthood through multiple domains, including communication and socialization. The raw scores are converted to standard scores and growth scale value scores, with higher scores indicating better adaptive functioning.

The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development is a standardized, validated, and reliable assessment tool for evaluating developmental functioning in infants and toddlers across subdomains of cognition and language (receptive and expressive communication). The raw scores are converted to standard scores and growth scale value scores, with higher scores indicating better neurodevelopment.