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NCT Number: NCT05837013

Open and Laparoscopic Total Extraperitoneal Repair Under Spinal Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia

Inguinal hernia surgery is one of the most frequently performed procedures among general surgery cases. As with many open surgical methods, this repair is also performed laparoscopically. Among these closed methods, the most frequently applied method is laparoscopic total extraperitoneal repair (TEP). In general, this surgery is performed under general anesthesia (GA) in many centers. However, in cases where general anesthesia is inconvenient, local or other anesthesia methods are preferred.

It has been stated in many studies in the literature that this surgery can be performed with methods other than general anesthesia. In a study of 480 patients, one of which was Sinha et al., it was shown that this surgical procedure was successfully performed under spinal anesthesia (SA).

In a prospective randomized study by Dönmez et al., patients who underwent TEP under general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia were compared. It has been reported that TEP repair can be performed safely under SA and that SA is associated with less postoperative pain, better recovery, and better patient satisfaction than GA.2 In a retrospective study by Yıldırım et al. It has been shown that there is significantly less need for analgesics and better patient satisfaction.

There are also many meta-analyses made on this subject in the literature. Compared with GA in these, SA was associated with a longer operative time, and postoperative pain and nausea and vomiting were less in SA. However, the risk of urinary retention in SA was significantly increased. It was observed that there was no significant difference in surgical complications such as seroma and wound infection.

Despite all these studies, until now, there is no clear consensus on which anesthesia should be used.

The aim of the study is to show the effect of both the surgical method and the anesthesia method on the patient during surgery and in the early postoperative period in inguinal hernia

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Key information

Conditions

Pain, Postoperative Hernia Hernia, Abdominal Hernia, Inguinal Inguinal Hernia Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathologic Processes Pathological Conditions, Anatomical Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Postoperative Complications Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

University of Health Science Van Training and Research Hospital

Van, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Patients who underwent laparoscopic total extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair and open surgical procedure (Lichtenstein) with the diagnosis of inguinal hernia will be divided into 2 groups. General anesthesia (GA) will be applied to the 1st group, and ileoinguinal (II) and ileohypogastric (IH) nerve block together with spinal anesthesia (SA) to the 2nd group.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients with inguinal hernias.
  • Over 18 years old

Exclusion criteria

  • Younger than 18 years
  • Those who have had previous abdominal surgery,
  • Incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernias,
  • Recurrent hernias,
  • Coagulopathies,
  • Patients with musculoskeletal deformity,
  • Those with chronic pain,
  • Those who use drugs that affect the central nervous system daily,
  • Those with a body mass index (BMI) over 40 kg/m2,
  • Patients with contraindications to the recommended anesthetic technique.

Treatment and study plan

Spinal anesthesia (with nerve block)

Procedure

Spinal Anesthesia and Nerve Block: No premedication will be applied. Spinal anesthesia will be administered to the patients in this group in the sitting position with a 27G Quincke needle (15 mg hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine) to be entered through the L2-L3 or L3-L4 interval. If hypotension develops, it will be corrected with a crystalloid infusion and ephedrine. These patients will be administered intravenous sedation with increasing doses of midazolam to provide adequate sedation. According to Hadzic, II and IH nerve block will be performed by applying 10 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine 2 cm above and 2 cm medial to the anterior superior iliac spine.

General Anesthesia (GA)

Procedure

General anesthesia: No premedication will be applied. In the waiting room, 10 mL/kg of Ringer's lactate solution will be infused IV in 30 minutes. In Group I, 2-2.5 mg/kg propofol and 1 μg/kg fentanyl IV will be given for induction; 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium will then be used to provide the muscle relaxation needed for intubation. After intubation, the tidal volume will be set to 6-8 mL/kg and the respiratory frequency PetCO2 32-36 mmHg in volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) mode. Anesthesia will continue to be provided with sevoflurane (1.5%-2%), oxygen-air mixture (FiO 2 = 0.4) and repeated doses of rocuronium (0.015 mg/kg). At the end of the surgery, neostigmine (2-2.5 mg) and atropine (1 mg) will be given IV to antagonize the residual neuromuscular block.

Primary outcomes

  1. Postoperative pain

    Time frame: Postoperative 24 hours

    It will be measured using the Visual Analog Score (VAS). The patient will be asked to choose between the number 1 with the least pain and the number 10 with the most pain. The lowest score on this scale is 1, and the highest score is 10.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Adverse postoperative events

    Time frame: Postoperative 24 hours

    headache, nausea/vomiting, anxiety, abdominal discomfort and urinary retention

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Konya City Hospital

Other

Collaborators

  • Van Training and Research Hospital

Registry information

Official study title

Comparison of Open and Laparoscopic Total Extraperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair (TEP) Performed Under Blocked Spinal Anesthesia and General Anesthesia: Prospective Randomized Study

Important dates

Study start
2023
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2024
First posted
May 1, 2023
Registry last updated
Mar 22, 2024

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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