Low-Volume Oral Carbohydrate Feeding in Bariatric Surgery: Effects on PONV and Recovery

This randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effects of preoperative low-volume oral carbohydrate loading on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and recovery in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. A total of 105 adult patients scheduled for bariatric surgery were randomized into two groups: an intervention group (n = 53) and a control group (n = 52). The intervention group received 200 mL of a 12.5% carbohydrate solution orally two hours before surgery, while the control group followed standard preoperative fasting protocols without receiving any carbohydrate supplementation.

The primary hypothesis was that preoperative low-volume carbohydrate loading would reduce the frequency and severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and retching (PONV), and improve postoperative recovery. Data were collected using validated instruments including the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching (RINVR) and the Postoperative Recovery Index (PORI). Outcomes were assessed within 24 hours postoperatively and at postoperative day 30.

Randomization was performed using computer-generated block randomization, and outcome assessment was blinded. The intervention was administered by a trained researcher, and standard postoperative nursing care protocols were applied to both groups.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥ 18
• Scheduled for bariatric surgery
• ASA score ≤ IV
• Literate in Turkish and able to provide informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Use of antiemetics, steroids, or opioids within 24 hours pre-op
• Need for ICU post-op
• Reoperation