Inulin-type Fructans-rich Vegetables, Obesity, Gut Microbiota

Relative abundance (percent) of bacterial taxa will be assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

height (cm)

weight (kg)

hip circumference and waist circumference (cm)

Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2)

Body composition by bioimpedance analysis (fat mass, fat free mass, kg)

Body composition by CT scan analysis (fat and muscle areas, cm2)

systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mm Hg)

glycemia (mg/dl) (fasted, after an oral glucose tolerance test)

insulinemia (mU/l) (fasted, after an oral glucose tolerance test)

C-peptide (pM)

glycated hemoglobin HbA1c (percent)

dipeptidyl-peptidase IV activity in the plasma (UI/l)

HLD-Cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, free fatty acids in the plasma (mg/dl)

hepatic enzymes in the plasma (AST, ALT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, U/l)

Elasticity by Fibroscan (kPa)

controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) by Fibroscan (dB/m)

Questionnaire for Eating Disorders Diagnosis (Q-EDD). The Q-EDD is a 50-items questionnaire based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV allowing the psychologist to diagnose eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia, binge eating), there is no quantitative result.

Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ).The DEBQ is a 33-items questionnaire assessing 3 distinct behaviour: emotional eating (13 items), external eating (10 items) and restrained eating (10 items). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale. A high score is observed when individual tended to eat more when submitted to emotional and external stimuli (for emotional and external eating subscales) or when he displayed elevated cognitive control on its eating behaviour (for the restrained eating subscale).

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS, two subscale - positive and negative - from 10 to 50, higher score associated with higher positive and negative emotion respectively)

Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE, two subscale - positive and negative - from 6 to 30, higher score associated with higher positive and negative emotion respectively)

Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC, from 0 to 5, higher score associated with better emotional competence).

computer-based tests of the flexibility, the working memory and the inhibition of participants. The measurements will be the time to complete the task on the computer as well as the number of errors.

one-week recall questionnaire to evaluate the dietary intake (macronutrients, caloric intake)

Cytokines levels (Il-1β; IL-8; IL-12p70; IL-17a; MCP1; TNFα; IFNγ) by multiplex immunoassay (all in pg/ml)

Gut peptide (GLP-1, GIP, ghrelin, PP, leptin) multiplex immunoassay (all in pg/ml)

metabolomic analysis of biological samples (urine, blood and/or stool)

IPAQ questionnaire (The IPAQ long form asks details about the specific types of activities undertaken within the four main domains (leisure time PA, domestic and gardening (yard) activities, work-related PA and transport-related PA). Computation of the total scores for the long form requires summation of the duration (in minutes) and frequency (days) for all the types of activities in all domains. Results allowed us to classify different levels of PA proposed by the questionnaire (total, low-moderate or high-intensity physical activities)

Long and short chain fatty acid and bile acid profiles (ng/mg feces or percent) considered as exploratory analyses not initially scheduled in the study but performed in the context of the FiberTAG project. Before inclusion of the study, all participants provided written informed consent stipulating that any research outside the context performed in the future could only be conducted after approval by an ethics committee. We obtained agreement from the ethical committee of Saint-Luc for those exploratory analyses

Fecal zonulin (ng/mg feces) considered as exploratory analyses not initially scheduled in the study but performed in the context of the FiberTAG project. Before inclusion of the study, all participants provided written informed consent stipulating that any research outside the context performed in the future could only be conducted after approval by an ethics committee. We obtained agreement from the ethical committee of Saint-Luc for those exploratory analyses

fecal albumin (ng/mg feces) considered as exploratory analyses not initially scheduled in the study but performed in the context of the FiberTAG project. Before inclusion of the study, all participants provided written informed consent stipulating that any research outside the context performed in the future could only be conducted after approval by an ethics committee. We obtained agreement from the ethical committee of Saint-Luc for those exploratory analyses

fecal calprotectin (ng/mg feces) considered as exploratory analyses not initially scheduled in the study but performed in the context of the FiberTAG project. Before inclusion of the study, all participants provided written informed consent stipulating that any research outside the context performed in the future could only be conducted after approval by an ethics committee. We obtained agreement from the ethical committee of Saint-Luc for those exploratory analyses