Insulin-Mediated Glucose Uptake and Organ Perfusion Assessed by Total-Body PET During GIP and GLP-1 Infusion

Sub-study 1 (Healthy individuals):

• Age 23-50 years
• BMI 20.0-26.9 kg/m²
• HbA1c < 42 mmol/mol
• Able to provide informed consent

Sub-study 2 - Participants with Type 2 Diabetes:

• Age 23-60 years
• Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for ≥3 months
• HbA1c > 53 mmol/mol
• Treatment with metformin only
• Able to provide informed consent

Sub-study 2 - Healthy control participants:

• Age 23-64 years
• HbA1c < 42 mmol/mol
• Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion criteria

(applies to all participants unless otherwise specified):

• Anaemia (haemoglobin below normal range)
• ALT > 2× upper normal limit or any known hepatobiliary or gastrointestinal disorder
• Kidney disease (creatinine above normal range)
• Previous gastric or intestinal resection (except appendectomy or cholecystectomy) or major abdominal surgery (including bariatric surgery)
• For Sub-study 1: Type 1 or type 2 diabetes or HbA1c ≥ 42 mmol/mol
• Use of glucose-lowering medications other than metformin (Sub-study 2 only)
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Sub-study 2 only)
• Regular tobacco smoking or use of nicotine-containing products
• Claustrophobia
• Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or intention to become pregnant during the study period
• Initiation of special diets, major lifestyle changes, or weight loss > 5% within 3 months prior to or during the study
• Any medication or physical/psychological condition that may interfere with participation (per investigator judgement)
• Inability to speak or read Danish