Insomnia and Daytime Function in Osteoarthritis

Inclusion criteria

• Patients that are male or female aged 45 years or older.
• Patients having given their written informed consent prior to participating in the trial.
• Patients who have had OA of the knee or hip for at least 6 months, as diagnosed using the American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Osteoarthritis.
• Patients who, based on historical data, developed insomnia together with or after development of arthritic symptoms and presently have difficulty in maintaining sleep or have non-restorative sleep for at least three months preceding study entry and have difficulties with daytime activities because of problems with sleeping.
• Patients who, based on historical data, experience sleep disturbance at least 3 nights per week.
• Patients must have a score of greater than 1 on the Likert Pain Scale within two weeks of study participation while taking pain medication
• Patients must have been on a stable dosing regimen of analgesic/anti-inflammatory medication for one month prior to study entry and agree to maintain the dose throughout the study. Patient must agree not to exceed 4000 mg (i.e., 1000 mg acetaminophen, 4 times per day) as rescue medication in case of unexpected arthritis pain. Acetaminophen is the only rescue medication allowed in addition to the patient's stable dosing regimen.

Exclusion criteria

• Female patients that are pregnant or are breast-feeding.
• Patients with reproductive potential not implementing adequate contraceptive measures.
• Patients with mental disorders or who cannot be relied upon to understand the trial requirements and comply with the treatment regimen.
• Patients that are shift workers or have required a change in their regular sleep schedule by at least three hours within the last three months.
• Patients that have been treated for insomnia within 2 years prior to the onset of osteoarthritis.
• Patients that have a history of recurrent major depressive disorder over the last 3 years or any single episode of major depression over the last 2 years.
• Patients having a history of seizures or other significant neurological diseases.
• Patients with a history of myasthenia gravis.
• Patients that have had serious head injury within the past 10 years.
• Patients with insulin dependent diabetes poorly controlled in the opinion of the investigator.
• Patients who have had a stroke or myocardial infarction in the 6 months before the screening visit.
• Patients with unstable angina or severe heart failure.
• Patients with a history of significant impairment of any organ system that could impair the ability of the patient to participate in the study.
• Patients with abnormal clinical laboratory tests judged by the Investigator to require clinical intervention.
• Patients that fail to complete at least 3 of 7 consecutive nights and days (day must follow night to be consecutive) on their Evening and Morning Questionnaires during the screening period and have not satisfied the following:

• scored 2 or greater on the Evening Questionnaire, AND
• Slept a total of less than 6 hours, as determined by:

a Wake Time after Sleep Onset of greater than 1 hour, and/or having time to fall asleep (sleep latency) of 45 minutes or greater.

• Patients that have used any drug (e.g. beta-blockers, antihistamines) and subsequently reported significant CNS side effects.
• Patients with a history of hypersensitivity/exaggerated drug response to sedative/hypnotic drugs (allergic or paradoxical), including zolpidem.
• Patients with a history of sleep apnea or current signs/symptoms associated with sleep apnea
• Patients with a history of symptoms compatible with diagnosis of periodic leg movement or restless legs syndrome.
• Patients with a history of cancer within the last 5 years or that have suspected neoplastic disease (with the exception of nonmelanomatous skin cancer).
• Patients that are taking any drugs of abuse or psychotropic drugs (including, but not limited to antidepressants, antipsychotics, or anxiolytics) or drugs with demonstrated effects on sleep-wake function (including, but not limited to herbal supplements, diphenhydramine, and theophylline).
• Patients that have used over-the-counter sleep medication within seven days prior to study entry. Prescription sleep medications must have been discontinued at least 7-25 days prior to study entry, depending upon the half-life of the particular compound.
• Patients who have taken investigational drugs within 30 days of the screening visit.