NCT Number: NCT06984120
Previous studies suggest that increased extravascular lung water might be found in open water swimmers without respiratory symptoms. This study aims to investigate a large number of asymptomatic individuals after an open-water swimming race to assess the prevalence of increased extravascular lung water in asymptomatic open-water swimmers.
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Notify Me18 year and older
All sexes
Observational
Center of Clinical Research Dalarna, Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) can occur during open-water swimming. The pathophysiological mechanisms are still partly unknown, but central pooling of blood volume and peripheral vasoconstriction have been suggested as important factors. SIPE is characterized by acute onset of dyspnea and cough, sometimes with excessive sputum and hemoptysis. The condition usually resolves spontaneously, but medical attention can be required in more severe cases.
Previous studies suggest that SIPE is diagnosed by clinical symptoms, decreased peripheral oxygen saturation and signs of pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound. Interestingly, signs of increased extravascular lung water have been found in divers without respiratory symptoms. There are no similar studies regarding open-water swimmers.
This study aims to investigate a large number of swimmers without respiratory symptoms after finishing an open-water swimming race. Prevalence and amount of increased extravascular lung water after swimming will be assessed by lung ultrasound. In addition, individual baseline factors and information about the race associated with increased extravascular lung water will be evaluated. This study will provide better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of SIPE.
Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes
Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; a positive region defined by the presence of three or more B-line artifacts. Bilateral or unilateral presence of two or more positive regions define positive interstitial syndrome.
Peripheral oxygen saturation measured by non-invasive pulse oxymetry
Clinical auscultation of lungs
Body temperature measured by ear thermometer.
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; a positive region defined by the presence of three or more B-line artifacts. Bilateral or unilateral presence of two or more positive regions define positive interstitial syndrome.
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; a positive region defined by the presence of three or more B-line artifacts. Assessment of the total number of positive regions.
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; the absolute number of B-lines in each region is counted.
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Peripheral oxygen saturation measured by non-invasive pulse oxymetry
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Presence of crackles on lung auscultation
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Body temperature measured by ear thermometer
Time frame: At follow up within 4 hours after termination of swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; a positive region defined by the presence of three or more B-line artifacts. Bilateral or unilateral presence of two or more positive regions define positive interstitial syndrome. Performed in individuals with signs of increased extravascular lung water after swimming.
Time frame: At follow up within 4 hours after termination of swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; a positive region defined by the presence of three or more B-line artifacts. Assessment of the total number of positive regions. Performed in individuals with signs of increased extravascular lung water after swimming.
Time frame: At follow up within 4 hours after termination of swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; the absolute number of B-lines in each region is counted in individuals with sign of increased extravascular lung water after swimming. Performed in individuals with signs of increased extravascular lung water after swimming.
Time frame: At baseline 2-4 hours before swimming
Four chest regions for both lungs are scanned by lung ultrasound; the absolute number of B-lines in each region is counted.
Time frame: At baseline 2-4 hours before swimming.
Peripheral oxygen saturation measured by non-invasive pulse oxymetry
Time frame: At baseline 2-4 hours before swimming.
Body temperature measured by ear thermometer
Time frame: Within 1 hour after termination of swimming
Perceived exertion during the swimming race measured by "Borg rating of perceived exertion scale". Values on the scale range from a minimum value of 6 (no exertion) to a maximum value of 20 (maximal exertion).
Dalarna County Council, Sweden
Other
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