Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on the Prognosis of Childhood Hematological Neoplasms: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Children with congenital heart disease have a significantly higher risk of developing hematological tumors compared to the general pediatric population, although the clinical characteristics and prognosis of such comorbid cases have previously lacked systematic investigation. The study is set to include children with comorbid congenital heart disease and hematological tumors, comparing them with those without congenital heart disease, to conduct a detailed analysis of their clinical data, treatment responses, and survival outcomes.

Inclusion criteria

• Children with hematologic malignancies diagnosed by pathology or bone marrow aspiration/biopsy at member hospitals of the Hematologic Oncology Specialty Alliance between 2010 and 2025;
• Aged 0-17 years at diagnosis, regardless of gender;
• Completed standard treatment for hematologic malignancies and confirmed diagnosis of congenital heart disease by cardiac ultrasound and clinical evaluation;
• Written informed consent can be provided by the child or their legal guardian.

Exclusion criteria

• Presence of birth defects other than congenital heart disease;
• Other serious cardiac conditions, malignancies, or comorbidities that may interfere with study results;
• Inability to provide the information and data required for the study.