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NCT Number: NCT07677592

Immersive Virtual Reality Training for Stoma Care

This study investigates the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality (VR) training in stoma care on nurses' knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, and learning satisfaction.

Using a mixed-method design with convenience sampling, 100 clinical nurses will be recruited and randomly assigned (1:1) to experimental and control groups. The experimental group will receive two VR training sessions one month apart, while the control group will attend a single traditional classroom session. Both groups will follow stoma care replacement procedures established by National Taiwan University Hospital.

Data collection will include demographic information, knowledge/skill tests, and self-efficacy questionnaires administered at three time points: before training, immediately after training, and one month post-training. Learning satisfaction will be assessed immediately after training. Participants reporting adverse VR reactions or scoring below 4 on satisfaction will be invited to one-on-one semi-structured interviews.

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Key information

Conditions

Stoma Care Nursing Education

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

National Taiwn University Hospital

Taipei, 10617, Taiwan

About this study

This study aims to validate the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality training for stoma care on nurses' knowledge and skill, self-efficacy and learning satisfaction.

Skin irritation is the commonest complication of stoma creation. Actuate and comprehensive care for stoma can help to improve patients' quality of life and enhanced outcome of nursing care. Due to lack of consistent, standardized and cost-effective training program, motivation of this study is development of it.

A mixed-method design with convenience sampling will recruit 100 clinical nurses, randomly assigned (1:1) to experimental and control groups. The experimental group will receive two VR training sessions one month apart, while the control group will attend a single traditional classroom session. Both groups will follow stoma care replacement procedures developed by National Taiwan University Hospital, which includes preparation of materials, skin cleansing, stoma pouch application, and key considerations for proper attachment.

Data collection includes demographics, knowledge/skill tests, and self-efficacy questionnaires at three time points: pre-training, immediately post-training, and one month post-training. Learning satisfaction will be assessed immediately after training. Participants with adverse VR reactions or satisfaction scores below 4 will be invited to one-on-one semi-structured interviews.

Data analysis conducts by a SPSS software (version 27.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). Descriptive statistics include mean, standard deviation and frequency distribution for analyzing the demographic characteristics, and scores of test and questionnaires; independent t-test will be applied for comparing the difference between groups; and qualitative content analysis will be used to understand the management experience on adverse reaction of immersive virtual reality training.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Full-time registered nurses employed at the study institution or nursing students currently enrolled in a formal nursing program
  • Willing to participate in the study and able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Prior participation in virtual reality-based ostomy care training
  • Self-reported history of significant discomfort during VR use (e.g., dizziness, nausea, or other physical discomfort)
  • Individuals who consider themselves unable or unwilling to undergo VR training

Treatment and study plan

immersive virtual reality training program

Device

This training program included (1) Scenario: Hospital ward, 56-year-old female post-rectal cancer surgery with temporary colostomy; (2) Intervention: Ostomy care education via immersive VR; (3) Materials: HTC cloud platform, Insta360 camera, tripod, 2 HMDs; (4) Expert Review: Physician, nursing supervisor, academic faculty, wound/ostomy nurse, nurse practitioner; (5) Training: Two 30 minute VR sessions, one month apart, in a quiet hospital meeting room.

traditional classroom lecture

Behavioral

This group received (1) Intervention: Traditional classroom lecture; (2) Format: Two-hour PowerPoint session; (3) Instructor: Certified wound/ostomy nurse; (4) Location: Meeting room with audiovisual facilities, Yunlin Branch.

Primary outcomes

  1. Knowledge and Skills Test of Stoma Care

    Time frame: Assessments will be conducted at three time points: (1) before training (baseline), (2) immediately after training (post-test I), and (3) one month after training (post-test II).

    The test covers four domains: normal stoma characteristics, standard procedures for ostomy care, principles of managing ostomy leakage, and key points of ostomy care education. It consists of five single-choice questions, with a total score ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better knowledge and skills in stoma care.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Self-Efficacy Scale of Stoma Care

    Time frame: Assessments will be conducted at three time points: (1) before training (baseline), (2) immediately after training (post-test I), and (3) one month after training (post-test II).

    The scale includes 5 items designed to assess nurses' confidence in performing ostomy care tasks. Each item is rated on a 0-10 scale, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy. Content validity was established by five nursing experts, yielding a CVI of 0.87.

Other outcomes

  1. standardized institutional training satisfaction questionnaire

    Time frame: There is a time frame: (1) after training immediately.

    A standardized institutional training satisfaction questionnaire consisting of 5 items will be administered to evaluate participants' learning satisfaction. Each item will be scored on a 0-10 scale, with higher scores reflecting greater satisfaction.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Ling-Chun Lu, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

886-2-33665589

Yi-Wei Chen, BNS

CONTACT

[email protected]

886-5-5323911#567338

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

National Taiwan University Hospital

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality Training for Stoma Care on Nurses' Knowledge and Skill, Self-efficacy and Learning Satisfaction

Acronym: IVRT_SC

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2028
First posted
Jul 1, 2026
Registry last updated
Jul 1, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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