Hyperventilation and Physical Performance in Obesity

The Nijmegen Questionnaire is a 16-item self-reported scale used to assess the subjective symptoms of hyperventilation syndrome. Each item is scored between 0 and 4, and individuals with a total score of 23 or higher are considered to have a high risk of hyperventilation

This is a simple anthropometric measurement used to indirectly assess respiratory capacity. The chest circumference is measured with a measuring tape during maximum inspiration and maximum expiration, and the difference between the two values is calculated

The Modified Borg Scale is a subjective tool used to measure perceived exertion and shortness of breath. It is rated from 0 (no difficulty) to 10 (maximum difficulty). It is particularly preferred for evaluations before and after the Six-Minute Walk Test.

The Six-Minute Walk Test is a practical and reliable field test used to evaluate lower extremity aerobic capacity and endurance. The individual is asked to walk as quickly as possible for six minutes along a flat corridor, and the total distance covered is recorded

The Timed Up and Go Test is a practical and valid performance test used to evaluate mobility, balance, and functional movement abilities. In this test, the participant stands up from a chair, walks three meters, turns around, walks back, and sits down again. The time is measured in seconds, with shorter times indicating better functional performance. The Timed Up and Go Test is widely used to identify fall risk and mobility limitations, especially in older adults

The Thirty-Second Sit-to-Stand Test is a functional test used to assess lower extremity muscle endurance. The participant is asked to stand up from and sit down on a chair as many times as possible within thirty seconds, and the number of repetitions is recorded

The Modified Plank Test is a simple and safe test used to evaluate core stability. The participant is asked to maintain a plank position, supported on the elbows and knees, for as long as possible. The duration is measured in seconds.

The Quality of Life Instrument for Obese Individuals is a self-reported scale developed to evaluate obesity-specific quality of life and to assess the multidimensional impact of weight on quality of life in obese individuals. It measures the effects on areas such as physical functioning, self-esteem, sexual life, public distress, and work life. The instrument consists of thirty-one items and five subscales. Participants rate each statement on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from "strongly disagree" (1) to "strongly agree" (5). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the instrument was conducted in 2024.