Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Therapeutics in Elective Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization

Because of their ability to perfuse and deliver oxygen, hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOC) may be considered in the treatment of several ischemic conditions, such as acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Elective percutaneous intervention (PCI) induces transient myocardial ischemia due to reduction of coronary flow during balloon inflation in the coronary artery, thus simulating in a control setting, the occurrence of an ACS.

Inclusion criteria

• Signed informed consent before initiation of any study-related procedure and agreement to comply with all protocol-specific procedures
• Stable angina pectoris (CCS Class 1, 2, 3, 4) or unstable angina (Braundwald class 1-3, B) or documented silent ischemia
• Baseline ECG with stable sinus rhythm and no signs of ischemia and with no Q waves, bundle branch block or IV conduction disturbances.
• Normal left ventricular wall motion on left ventricular angiogram or on echocardiogram with preserved systolic global LV function
• Non-occlusive stenosis, located in the proximal segments of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) (segments 6 and/or 7) and/or circumflex artery (CFX) (segments 11 and/or 12) or right coronary artery (RCA) (segments 1, 2 and/or 3) for which there is clinical indication to percutaneous treatment with coronary stenting
• Successful PCI with stenting on the target vessel
• Older than 18 years and younger than 80 years of age

Exclusion criteria

• Active ischemia at the initiation of the study procedure
• Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
• History or ECG evidence of prior MI in the territory supplied by the vessel undergoing PCI, IV conduction defects/baseline ST-segment abnormalities on the surface ECG
• Moderate to severe aortic or mitral valve disease
• Evidence of LV hypertrophy on the echocardiogram IVS > 13 and/or PW > 13mm
• Angiographically visible collateral vessels to the target vessel
• Hypertension not adequately controlled by anti-hypertensive therapy at the time of study entry (> 140/100mmHg)
• Uncompensated congestive heart failure or signs of pulmonary edema
• Significant hemodynamic compromise and/or cardiogenic shock requiring inotropic or pressor support
• Contraindications to standard drugs for coronary intervention and coronary heart disease: aspirin, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, clopidogrel, contrast dye
• Confirmed pregnancy
• Systemic mastocytosis
• Hypoxemia (need for mechanical ventilation
• Known history of COPD with FEV 1s < 1.0 liter
• Renal impairment: creatinine > 1.6 mg/dl
• Participation in another trial with an investigational drug or device including follow-up period, within the last 30 days before enrollment

Additional exclusion criteria at the end of PCI (before randomization)

• Coronary TIMI flow in the treated artery is less than 3
• Serious arrhythmias during/following the PCI was noted
• Coronary spasm following PCI
• Any deterioration in the subject's "risk" status between informed consent and randomization