Group Coaching Study for Life Goals

Background Individuals who have chronic conditions which impact their participation in daily activities generally experience reduced self-efficacy and belonging, which are known to affect their quality of life. Building capacity in these areas is possible as evidenced by the group peer mentoring literature, the individual coaching literature, and the outcomes of Jefferson's GOALS2 program. Group coaching combines the key features of these two approaches but has yet to be used to build capacity in these groups.

Objective To examine group coaching's feasibility and utility for building self-efficacy and belonging.

Hypothesis Group Coaching will increase self-efficacy and belonging by a change effect of 20% as per the General Self-Efficacy Scale, Relationship Closeness Scale, and the Sense of Belonging Scale.

Inclusion criteria

People with four types of chronic conditions are included.

• Neurodivergent students:

Jefferson neurodivergent undergraduate STEM students Jefferson students who major in Chemistry, Biochemistry, Biology, Pre-Medical Studies, Psychology/biopsychology, Textiles production science, Industrial design, Engineering, Health Sciences, or Exercise science

• Ehler's Danlos Syndrome:

• Have been diagnosed by a physician with any form of Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes
• understand and speak English fluently
• Be a resident of the United States.
• be 18 years of age and older
• has the ability to join the group coaching session by phone or video conferencing.

3 Person with SCI:

• Self-report as having a spinal cord injury or disease
• Understand and speak English fluently
• Be a resident of the United States.
• Be 18 years of age and older
• Stable health condition
• Have the ability to join the group coaching session by phone or video conferencing. 4 Care partner of a Person with SCI:
• Provides part or full-time care for a family member/significant other with SCI, need not live in the same household Understand and speak English fluently
• Be a resident of the United States.
• Be 18 years of age and older
• Stable health condition
• Have the ability to join the group coaching session by phone or video conferencing.

Procedures Recruitment will involve flyers online on websites, social media, newsletters, patient portals, support groups, clinics, and hospitals. Research staff will then reach out to the participant to schedule the COPM over zoom. The zoom meeting will start with the OHR-8H form to confirm the participants willingness to participate. After consenting, the participant will provide information for the COPM, which will be recorded by the research staff member. After completion of the COPM, the participant is provided with a Jefferson Qualtrics link to the following surveys: Social demographic questionnaire General Self-Efficacy Scale, Relationship Closeness Scale, and the Sense of Belonging Scale. The surveys are completed during the zoom call with the research staff member present to answer any questions the participant may have while completing the surveys. After survey completion, participants will be asked to provide their avalability for the group coaching session. After research staff have selected a date for the coaching session, participants will be sent an email informing them of the time and the topic of the coaching session. A reminder email will be sent 24 hours before the session. A total of 10 group coaching sessions will occur for each participant. These will occur in two groups of up to six participants each. The coaching sessions will include conversations regarding specific topics with the goal of facilitating participant in gaining insight and strategies towards set goal. The goals are based on the earlier COPM interview. The coaching sessions will be facilitated by two trained coaches who are study staff members. These coaching sessions will be audio recorded over zoom. Research staff will later fill out surveys including the AIM, IAM, & FIM based on their experiences will the coaching sessions. After the completion of the 10 coaching sessions, participants are scheduled for a second COPM over zoom. The participant will assess their progress based on their earlier COPM, and the interview will be recorded by the research staff member. After completion of the COPM, the participant is provided with a Jefferson Qualtrics link to the following surveys: General Self-Efficacy Scale, Relationship Closeness Scale, the Sense of Belonging Scale, and to determine feasibility through the Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM), Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM), and Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM). The surveys are completed during the zoom call with the research staff member present to answer any questions the participant may have while completing the surveys. After survey completion, the participant will be thanked for their time and a time will be scheduled for picking up their ClinCard payment.

Analysis Demographic data will be summarized descriptively, mean, and standard deviation scores for the intervention feasibility and percentage of completion for the assessment will be determined for assessment of feasibility. Assessment of the outcome measures will be done to calculate how many participants reached the change effect of 20%. Satisfaction will also be assessed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative analysis will be conducted on the session transcripts. Feasibility will be assessed using the AIM, IAM, & FIM.

Inclusion criteria

• People with four types of chronic conditions are included.

• Neurodivergent students:

Jefferson neurodivergent undergraduate STEM students Jefferson students who major in Chemistry, Biochemistry, Biology, Pre-Medical Studies, Psychology/biopsychology, Textiles production science, Industrial design, Engineering, Health Sciences, or Exercise science

• Ehler's Danlos Syndrome:

• Have been diagnosed by a physician with any form of Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes
• understand and speak English fluently
• Be a resident of the United States.
• be 18 years of age and older
• has the ability to join the group coaching session by phone or video conferencing.

3 Person with SCI:

• Self-report as having a spinal cord injury or disease
• Understand and speak English fluently
• Be a resident of the United States.
• Be 18 years of age and older
• Stable health condition
• Have the ability to join the group coaching session by phone or video conferencing. 4 Care partner of a Person with SCI:
• Provides part or full-time care for a family member/significant other with SCI, need not live in the same household Understand and speak English fluently
• Be a resident of the United States.
• Be 18 years of age and older
• Stable health condition
• Have the ability to join the group coaching session by phone or video conferencing.

Exclusion criteria

• Less than 18 years