Flipped Learning in Nursing Education

This scale consists of 25 items and 3 sub-dimensions. The sub-dimensions are not specifically named. The first sub-dimension contains 10 items (items 8, 17-23, 25, 28), the second sub-dimension contains 9 items (items 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 27), and the third sub-dimension contains 6 items (items 1-3, 9, 11, 24). The scale is a three-point rating scale. The scale is answered on a scale of 1 to 3, with "1: True, 2: False, 3: I don't know". When calculating the scale score, "True" answers are worth 1 point, and "False" and "I don't know" answers are worth 0 points. The lowest possible score on the scale is 0, and the highest is 25. When calculating the scale score, the three items with negative connotations (Items 2, 11, 24) should be reverse-coded. The order of the items on the scale is not important; researchers may use a mixed order. There is no cutoff point for the scale score.

The scale consisting of 23 items on a 3-point Likert scale, participants are given scores of Disagree (1), Don't Know (2), and Agree (3) for each question in the Learning Motivation Scale in Higher Education. The lowest possible score is 23 and the highest is 69. In the reliability studies of the scale, the Cronbach alpha coefficient of the learning objectives sub-dimension was calculated as 0.83, the avoidance objectives sub-dimension as 0.87, and the approach objectives sub-dimension as 0.82.

The scale consisting of 15 items and 3 sub-dimensions on a 5-point Likert scale, participants are given scores for each question on a scale of 1 (Not Appropriate at all), 2 (Not Appropriate), 3 (Somewhat Appropriate), 4 (Appropriate), and 5 (Completely Appropriate). The scale includes sub-dimensions of Cognitive participation, Emotional participation, and Behavioral participation. In reliability studies of the scale, the Alpha value was found to be 0.93.