EMD and/or Bone Substitute for the Treatment of Class II Furcations

To clinically evaluate the treatment of mandibular class II furcation defects with enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and/or a bone substitute graft make of beta tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (βTCP/HA). Forty-one patients, presenting a mandibular class II buccal furcation defect, probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm and bleeding on probing, will be included. They will be randomly assigned to the groups: 1- EMD (n = 13); 2- βTCP/HA (n = 14); 3- EMD + βTCP/HA (n = 14). Relative gingival margin position (RGMP), relative vertical and horizontal attachment level (RVCAL and RHCAL) and PPD will be evaluated at baseline and 12 months. The mean horizontal clinical attachment level gain will be considered the primary outcome variable.

Inclusion criteria

• Males and females, between 18-75 years of age;
• Presence of a mandibular molar with buccal class-II furcation defect, presenting PD ≥ 4mm, bleeding on probing (BOP), minimum (<1 mm) or no gingival recession after non-surgical therapy;
• Good general health;
• Minimum interproximal bone loss (< 2 mm).

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant or lactating;
• Required antibiotic pre-medication for the performance of periodontal examination and treatment;
• Suffered from any other systemic diseases (cardiovascular, pulmonary, liver, cerebral, diseases or diabetes);
• Had received antibiotic treatment in the previous 3 months;
• Were taking long-term anti-inflammatory drugs;
• Had received a course of periodontal treatment within the last 6 months;
• Smokers.