Efficacy and Safety of Influenza Vaccine During Sarcoidosis

Data on vaccination in sarcoidosis are largely insufficient. It is thus unclear whether the vaccine response is modified according to the clinical phenotype of the disease and/or treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. However, sarcoidosis is accompanied by numerous disturbances of the immune system, including a tendency to anergy which may affect the efficacy of the vaccine, especially when the disease is active and severe. In addition, the tolerance of influenza vaccination in patients with sarcoidosis has not been studied yet.The influenza vaccination in sarcoidosis is a common practice among medical specialists who care for patients with sarcoidosis, either internists or lung specialists.. However, the practice of this vaccination is not based on scientific evidence, because there are no data establishing the efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination in sarcoidosis.Thus, it is possible that the influenza vaccine is less immunogenic in patients with sarcoidosis than in healthy adults, which may reduce the clinical effectiveness of vaccination. It therefore seems essential to determine the efficacy and safety of this vaccine, which is widely practiced. Poor efficiency could lead to the development of different vaccination strategies, based in particular on the administration of adjuvanted vaccines.

Inclusion criteria

for patients:

• Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 65;
• Signature of informed consent
• Follow-up : six months following the influenza vaccination at D0
• Sarcoidosis diagnosed and histologically proven since at least 6 months
• unchanged treatment of Sarcoidosis for at least 3 months, except for the case of a decrease in doses of corticosteroids and at a stable dose of immunosuppressive drugs
• Indication for a seasonal influenza vaccination.

Existence of one or more of these clinical situations:

• pulmonary location (dyspnea, radiological or stage IV pulmonary function tests (PFT) altered with decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume average (FEV) or the diffusion of carbon monoxide (TLCO) below 65% of predicted value;
• Cardiac impairment confirmed
• Central nervous system impairment and / or device and confirmed with clinical impact and abnormal imaging and / or electromyogram- Renal impairment (histologically confirmed) responsible for a decrease in creatinine clearance
• disabling Lupus pernio
• Sinuso-nasal and / or laryngeal impairment histologically confirmed
• Disseminated impairment, ie affecting more than four organs
• Dose of corticosteroids ≥to 10 mg per day of the equivalent of prednisone or the necessity of an immunosuppressive therapy (with the exception of Rituximab) to control sarcoidosis- Existence of an associated metabolic disorder
• Patients with sarcoidosis and living in a care house
• Sarcoidosis occurring in health/nursing staff

Inclusion criteria

for healthy volunteers

• Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 65 years
• Signature of informed consent
• Lack of underlying disease, especially autoimmune diseases and / or sarcoidosis
• Follow-up possible during the six months following the influenza vaccination

Exclusion criteria

for all:

• Hypersensitivity to the active substances, eggs and one of the excipients of the vaccine
• Acute febrile episode in the week prior to vaccination
• Count with a documented case of influenza within a week prior to vaccination
• Infection with HIV HBV or HCV known,
• Current pregnancy or positive urine pregnancy test
• Multiple Sclerosis
• History of Guillain-Barré
• Organ Transplantation
• Cancer in the last 3 years
• Other vaccination received within 3 weeks prior to the study vaccine injection
• Treatment with chemotherapy
• Transfusion or immunoglobulin administration during the last 3 months
• Co-morbidity requiring biological therapy that specifically targets B cells (eg rituximab)
• Patient for which an increase of the treatment is planned in the month following vaccination.
• Acute infection in the month prior to vaccination
• non affiliated to a health social security system
• Participation in another biomedical research for the duration of the study
• Individuals deprived of freedom by an administrative or court order