Efficacy and Safety of Contrast EUS-Guided Tissue Glue/Coil Devascularization vs. BRTO for Preventing Recurrent Gastric Variceal Bleeding

Inclusion criteria

• Aged between 18 and 75 years old;

• Liver cirrhosis (diagnosed by imaging, laboratory tests, clinical symptoms, or liver biopsy);

• Experienced bleeding of gastroesophageal varices (GVs) (GOV1, GOV2, or IGV1) within 5 days to 1 year (bleeding lesions observed under endoscopy originating from GVs, or no other bleeding lesions except GVs were found);

• Presence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts that are technically feasible for BRTO; ⑤ Willing to participate in this clinical study, comply with the study requirements, and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion criteria

• Previously received vascular interventional therapy for preventing rebleeding of GVs;

• Eligible for variceal ligation treatment of GOV1;

• Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (including regional portal hypertension);

• Previously underwent surgical and interventional shunt procedures;

• Presence of contraindications to endoscopic or interventional treatment; ⑥ Extensive portal vein thrombosis, cavernous transformation of the portal vein;

⑦ Massive ascites;

⑧ Concurrent advanced liver cancer or other malignant tumors with a predicted lifespan of less than 3 months;

⑨ Concurrent severe diseases of other organs such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys;

⑩ Pregnant or lactating women.