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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07277699

Effects of Otago and Frenkel's Exercises on Strengthening of Antigravity Muscles in Parkinson's Disease.

Using both Otago and Frenkel's exercises offers complementary benefits building muscle strength and refining coordination in anti-gravity muscles making daily activities safer and more fluid for people with Parkinson's.

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Key information

Conditions

Parkinson

Age range

Up to 75 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

University of Lahore

Gujranwala, Punjab Province, 50250, Pakistan

About this study

Combining Otago and Frenkel's exercises can slow functional decline, reduce falls, and improve quality of life for Parkinson's patients. These programs empower patients and families by promoting active participation in care rather than relying only on medications. Early introduction, guided by physiotherapists, gives the best outcomes helping patients stay mobile, confident, and independent for longer.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patient diagnosed with parkinsons disease using the Hoehn and Yahr scale
  • Patient age 55-75.
  • Both male and female.
  • Able to walk independently.
  • Willing and ability to provide information consent to participate in study. -

Exclusion criteria

  • Presence of other neurological condition(stroke, multiple sclerosis).
  • severe cardiovascular disease.
  • major psychiatric disorder.
  • currently participating in other study.

Treatment and study plan

Otago exercises

Behavioral

After collecting the patient's data appropriate modalities will be applied to initiate the treatment session. This includes the use of an Electric Heating pad on the lower limb for 10 mints. Gentle walking will be performed for 1 mints along with arm swing (10 repetitions) and neck stretching focusing on upper trapezius muscle (3 repetition).After that the12 steps of Otago exercise will be performed with 10 repetition.Total session time is 40 mints.

Frenkels exercise

Behavioral

After collecting the patient's data sessions will be delivered 3 times per week lasting for 40 mints only and than appropriate modalities will be applied to initiate the treatment session. This includes the use of an Electric Heating pad on the lower limb for 10 mints. Gentle walking will be performed for 1 mints along with arm swing (10 repetitions) and neck stretching focusing on upper trapezius muscle (3 repetition).After that the steps of Frenkels exercise program will be performed on patients with 10 repetition.

Primary outcomes

  1. Antigravity muscle strenght (Manual Muscle strength).

    Time frame: Baseline before treatment (week 0) post -interventiom (week 4 )

    Strength of major antigravity muscle including Hip muscles, Knee muscles and ankle muscles.

    strength evaluated by using Manual Muscle Testing based on oxford Grading Scale (0-5).

    . Grade 0 ( No contraction).

    • Grade 1 (trace): slightly contraction detected but no movement occur at joint.
    • Grade 2 (poor): Full range of motion in a gravity eliminated position.
    • Grade 3(Fair): Full range of motion against gravity.
    • Grade4 (Good): Full range of motion against gravity moderate resistance.
    • Grade5 (Normal) Full Range of motion against gravity and maximum resistance. Participants tested in standardized position for each group. unit of measurement : MMT grade (0-5)

  2. Balance and reduction in fall risk.

    Time frame: baseline Before treatment (0 Week) post- intervention ( 4 week )

    Balance assessed through the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Berg Balance Scale items: 14 Tasks (sit to stand, standing, stepping, unsupported, reaching, turning) total score (0-56) scoring:0-4 for each task Maximum score=56 41-56=low Fall risk 21-40=Medium Fall risk 0-20=High Fall risk

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Lahore

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Dec 11, 2025
Registry last updated
Dec 11, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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