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OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT03033953

Effects of Native Whey or Milk Supplementation on Adaptations to 12 Weeks of Strength Training in Young and Elderly

The aim of this study is to investigate the long term adaptations to 11 (elderly) or 12 (young) weeks of strength training when supplemented with native whey or milk. The investigators hypothesize that native whey will give greater increases in muscle hypertrophy and strength than milk.

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Key information

Conditions

Healthy Elderly Young

Age range

20 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Norwegian School of Sport Sciences

Oslo, 0863, Norway

About this study

Increasing or maintaining muscle mass is of great importance for populations ranging from athletes to patients and elderly. Resistance exercise and protein ingestion are two of the most potent stimulators of muscle protein synthesis. Both the physical characteristic of proteins (e.g. different digestion rates of whey and casein) and the amino acid composition, affects the potential of a certain protein to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Given its superior ability to rapidly increase blood leucine concentrations to high levels, whey is often considered the most potent protein source to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Native whey protein is produced by filtration of unprocessed milk. Consequently, native whey has different characteristics than milk. Of special interest is the higher amounts of the highly anabolic amino acid leucine in native whey.

The higher levels of leucine can be of great interest for elderly individuals as some studies in elderly has shown an anabolic resistance to the effects of protein feeding and strength training. By increasing levels of leucine one might overcome this anabolic resistance in the elderly.

The aim of this double-blinded, randomized, partial cross-over study is to compare the changes in muscle hypertrophy and strength after a 11 (elderly) or 12 (young) week training intervention with daily supplementation of either 2x20g of native whey or milk proteins in young and elderly individuals. In order to explain potential differences between supplements an acute study investigating acute responses in blood amino acid concentrations and intracellular signalling is planned, in a subgroup of participants, before and after the training intervention.

The investigators hypothesize that native whey will induce greater muscle hypertrophy and strength gains than milk.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Healthy in the sense that they can conduct training and testing
  • Able to understand Norwegian language written and oral
  • Between 20 and 45, or above 70 years of age

Exclusion criteria

  • Diseases or injuries contraindicating participation
  • Use of dietary supplements (e.g. proteins, vitamins and creatine)
  • Lactose intolerance
  • Allergy to milk
  • Allergy towards local anesthetics (xylocain)

Treatment and study plan

Native whey

Dietary Supplement

Milk

Dietary Supplement

Strength training

Other

Primary outcomes

  1. Lean mass

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

    Measured by whole body dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

  2. Lean mass

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Measured by whole body dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Thigh muscle cross sectional area

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  2. Thigh muscle cross sectional area

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  3. Pectoralis muscle cross sectional area

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  4. Pectoralis muscle cross sectional area

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  5. Arm cross sectional area

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  6. Arm cross sectional area

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  7. Thickness of the lateral vasti

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

    Measured by ultrasound

  8. Thickness of the lateral vasti

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Measured by ultrasound

  9. 1 repetition maximum in leg press

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  10. 1 repetition maximum in leg press

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  11. 1 repetition maximum in bench press

    Time frame: Before the training intervention

  12. 1 repetition maximum in bench press

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  13. Ratio of phosphorylated to total ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1(P70S6K) change from baseline

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

  14. Ratio of phosphorylated to total ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1(P70S6K) change from baseline

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

  15. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) change from baseline

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

  16. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) change from baseline

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

  17. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP-1) change from baseline

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

  18. Phosphorylation of phosphorylated to total eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP-1) change from baseline

    Time frame: 30 min before and 2 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Biopsies from m. Vastus Lateralis was analyzed by western blot

  19. Plasma amino acid concentration

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  20. Plasma amino acid concentration

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  21. Muscle force generating capacity change from baseline

    Time frame: 15 min before, 10 min, 2.5 hours and 24 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

    Measured as unilateral isometric knee extension force (Nm) with 90° in the hip and knee joints.

  22. Muscle force generating capacity change from baseline

    Time frame: 15 min before, 10 min, 2.5 hours and 24 hours after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

    Measured as unilateral isometric knee extension force (Nm) with 90° in the hip and knee joints.

  23. Serum glucose

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  24. Serum glucose

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  25. Serum insulin

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  26. Serum insulin

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  27. Serum urea

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  28. Serum urea

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  29. Serum creatine kinase

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, before the training intervention

  30. Serum creatine kinase

    Time frame: 60 min before and 45, 60, 75 and 120 min after exercise and protein supplement intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  31. Tumor necrosis factor alfa messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  32. Tumor necrosis factor alfa mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  33. Tumor necrosis factor alfa mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  34. Tumor necrosis factor alfa mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  35. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  36. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  37. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  38. Interleukin 6 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  39. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  40. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  41. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  42. Interleukin 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  43. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  44. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  45. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  46. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  47. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  48. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  49. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  50. Interleukin 1b mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  51. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  52. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  53. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  54. Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  55. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  56. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  57. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  58. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  59. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  60. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  61. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  62. Interleukin 4 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  63. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  64. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  65. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  66. Interleukin 10 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  67. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  68. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  69. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  70. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  71. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  72. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  73. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  74. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  75. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  76. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  77. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  78. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  79. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  80. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  81. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  82. Interleukin 17D mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  83. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  84. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  85. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  86. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  87. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  88. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  89. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  90. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma, Coactivator 1 Alpha mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  91. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  92. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  93. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  94. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  95. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  96. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  97. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  98. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  99. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  100. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  101. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  102. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  103. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  104. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  105. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  106. Uncoupling Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  107. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  108. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  109. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  110. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  111. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  112. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  113. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  114. ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  115. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  116. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  117. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  118. Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen CD36 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  119. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  120. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  121. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  122. Toll Like Receptor 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  123. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  124. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  125. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  126. Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group H Member 3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  127. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  128. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  129. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  130. Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  131. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  132. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  133. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  134. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 5 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  135. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  136. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  137. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  138. Solute Carrier Family 36 Member 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  139. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  140. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  141. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  142. Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  143. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  144. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  145. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  146. Muscle-Specific RING Finger Protein 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  147. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  148. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  149. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  150. Atrogin-1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  151. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  152. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  153. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  154. Forkhead Box Protein O1A mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  155. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  156. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  157. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  158. Forkhead Box O3 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  159. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  160. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  161. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  162. Myosin Heavy Chain 7 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  163. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  164. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  165. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  166. Myosin Heavy Chain 2 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  167. Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  168. Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  169. Myosin Heavy Chain 1mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  170. Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  171. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  172. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  173. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  174. Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  175. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  176. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  177. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  178. Mast Cell Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  179. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  180. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  181. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  182. Hepatocyte Growth Factor mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  183. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  184. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  185. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  186. Myostatin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  187. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  188. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  189. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  190. Striated Muscle Activator Of Rho-Dependent Signaling mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  191. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  192. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  193. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  194. JunB Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  195. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  196. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  197. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  198. Actin, Alpha 1, Skeletal Muscle mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  199. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  200. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  201. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  202. Colony Stimulating Factor 3 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  203. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  204. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  205. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  206. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  207. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  208. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  209. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  210. TATA-Box Binding Protein mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  211. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  212. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  213. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  214. Filamin B mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  215. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  216. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 2 hours after exercise and protein intake, before training intervention

  217. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min before exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  218. Beta-2-Microglobulin mRNA Myosin Heavy Chain 1 mRNA

    Time frame: 30 min after exercise and protein intake, after 11-12 weeks of strength training

  219. Fasting cholesterol (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  220. Fasting cholesterol (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  221. Fasting triglycerides (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  222. Fasting triglycerides (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  223. Fasting LDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  224. Fasting LDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

  225. Fasting HDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: Before training intervention

  226. Fasting HDL (only in elderly)

    Time frame: After 11-12 weeks of strength training

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Norwegian School of Sport Sciences

Other

Collaborators

  • The Research Council of Norway
  • Tine

Registry information

Official study title

Effects of Native Whey and Milk Supplementation on Changes in Muscle Mass and Strength After 12 Weeks of Strength Training in Young and Elderly

Important dates

Study start
2014
Primary completion
2015
Study completion
2016
First posted
Jan 27, 2017
Registry last updated
Jan 27, 2017

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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