Effects of Music on Post-Cesarean Pain, Anxiety, Breastfeeding and Mother Infant Attachment Impact

The physiological effects of music therapy include creating a behavioral change and changing the mood by reducing psychophysiological stress, pain, anxiety and isolation. Music has the ability to create deep relaxation. It is known to have relieving effects on insomnia. In addition, it has been reported that music therapy application before and during birth reduces labor pain and reduces postpartum anxiety and depression levels. The postpartum period, which begins with the birth of the newborn, covers the 6-8 week period that it takes for the changes that occur in the woman's body during pregnancy to return to its pre-pregnancy state. This period is an important transition period in which physical, social and emotional changes occur in mothers. In addition to rapid anatomical and physiological changes, mothers experience a difficult process in which the transition to motherhood is experienced, new roles and responsibilities are assumed, and relationships with their spouses and other family members are reorganized. Although a woman begins to feel the changes that having a baby creates in her daily life during pregnancy, she usually experiences the biggest change after the baby is born. The period when the first emotional bond between the newborn and her family is formed and a sense of trust develops is defined as mother-baby bonding. Many factors affect mother-baby bonding in the postpartum period, which is the most important time when the bond established between the expectant mother and the baby during pregnancy, referred to as prenatal bonding, is strengthened after birth. It is particularly affected by the mother's upbringing, as well as her experiences during pregnancy, birth, puerperium, and the baby's first months. Healthy and early interaction between mother and baby initiates a healthy bonding process.

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Key information

Conditions

Cesarian Section Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Bonding Mental Disorders Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Being 18 years of age or older
Being in the third trimester (up to 2 weeks before the planned cesarean delivery date)
Being primigravida
Having a single fetus
Not having a hearing problem
Voluntarily participating in the study

Exclusion criteria

Having any chronic disease
Having a risky pregnancy condition (gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, etc.)
Having a psychiatric medical diagnosis and using medication.

Treatment and study plan

Music intervention

Other

Listening to Turkish Music

Primary outcomes

Visual Analog Scale (VAS)-pain

Time frame: On the second day after C-section and the end of the 1st week postpartum, change from first pain level an average of 20 minutes.

Pain Level by Visual Analog Scale The patient marks the pain he/she feels on a scale of 10 cm (100 mm), pain point 1 means "no pain", pain point 10 means "worst pain possible."
Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS)

Time frame: On the second day after C-section and the end of the 1st week postpartum, change from first pain level an average of 30 minutes.

Anxiety Level by Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS). The VAS-anxiety is a 10 cm line used to measure perceived anxiety intensity, with endpoints labeled "No Anxiety" and "Worst Anxiety Imaginable." It meansthat those who score 73 and below on the scale have lowpostpartum anxiety levels, and those who score 101 andabove have a high level of anxiety.
Mother and Newborn Information Form I and I

Time frame: On the second day after C-section and end of the 1st postpartum week

It will be evaluated with the Mother and Newborn Information Form I and II created by the researchers. Breastfeeding information will be assessed with this form.
Mother Infant Attachment

Time frame: On the second day after C-section and end of the 1st postpartum week

It will be evaluated with the Mother-Infant Attachment Scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating lower mother-infant attachment.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Nuran N Aypar Akbağ, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+905459141440

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Sinop University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Music on Post-cesarean

Important dates

Study start: 2026
Primary completion: 2026
Study completion: 2026
First posted: Feb 20, 2025
Registry last updated: Apr 28, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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