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Completed

NCT Number: NCT05377476

Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation in People With Multiple Sclerosis

It was planned to examine the effects of motor imagery and action observation applied in addition to standard rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis on walking, fatigue, and trunk control.

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Key information

Conditions

Multiple Sclerosis Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS Demyelinating Diseases Fatigue Immune System Diseases Nervous System Diseases Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Hacettepe University

Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Being between the ages of 18-65
  • A definitive diagnosis of MS by a neurologist according to the 2017 McDonald Criteria
  • Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 4.0 and below (it is determined routinely by the physician during the examination)
  • Not having an attack in the last 3 months
  • A minimum score of 4 in each motor imagery ability (internal visual imagery, external visual imagery, and kinesthetic imagery) on the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3)

Exclusion criteria

  • cognitive impairment, defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of less than 24
  • Having another musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, or neurological disease severe enough to preclude participation in the study.
  • Having severe vision and hearing problems

Treatment and study plan

Motor Imagery Training

Other

Individuals included in this group will receive 20 minutes of motor imagery training in addition to 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation.

Action Observation training

Other

Individuals included in this group will receive 20 minutes of action observation training in addition to 40 minutes of standard rehabilitation.

Standard Rehabilitation

Other

40 minutes of standard rehabilitation.

Primary outcomes

  1. 6 Min Walking Test

    Time frame: 6 week

    It will be used to measure walking distance. Before the test is administered, individuals will be given the necessary information and will be asked to walk as fast as possible on a 30-meter track for 6 minutes.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Timed Up and Go Test

    Time frame: 6 week

    It will be used to evaluate the dynamic balance of individuals while walking. Individuals will be asked to stand up from the chair they are sitting on without support and walk a distance of 3 meters, then return from the designated area and sit on the chair without support.

  2. Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12

    Time frame: 6 week

    It is a scale used to measure perceived walking ability. The lowest possible total score on the scale is "12," while the highest is "60". An increase in the total score indicates a negative impact on walking ability.

  3. RehaGait® (Hasomed, Magdeburg, Germany) Gait Analysis

    Time frame: 6 week

    The device gives about the time-distance characteristics and kinematic data of the gait.

  4. Fatigue Severity Scale

    Time frame: 6 week

    It is a scale that evaluates the extent to which fatigue affects the daily functions of MS patients. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 7, while the highest score is 63. It is accepted that the severity of fatigue increases as the total score increases.

  5. Trunk Impairment Scale

    Time frame: 6 week

    Trunk control was assessed using the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), which consists of three subscales: static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and coordination. The lowest possible total score on the scale is "0", while the highest is "23". An increase in the total score indicates increased trunk control.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Hacettepe University

Other

Collaborators

  • Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University

Registry information

Official study title

Investigation of the Effects of Motor Imagery and Action Observation in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Important dates

Study start
2022
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2024
First posted
May 17, 2022
Registry last updated
Dec 19, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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