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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07426887

Effects of Intrinsic Muscles Training on Pain, Balance and Foot Function in Patients With Pes Planus

The study was conducted to determine the Effects of intrinsic muscles training on pain, balance and foot function in patients with Pes Planus

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Key information

Conditions

Pes Planus Congenital Abnormalities Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Flatfoot Foot Deformities Foot Deformities, Acquired Foot Deformities, Congenital Limb Deformities, Congenital Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital Musculoskeletal Abnormalities Musculoskeletal Diseases Talipes

Age range

20 year–45 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Imran Idrees Teaching Hospital

Sialkot, Punjab Province, 51310, Pakistan

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age group between 20 to 45 years
  • Both male and female
  • Patients with a flat foot (Congenital and acquired both)
  • Patients with Collapsed arch
  • Navicular drop ≥10mm

Exclusion criteria

  • Acute fracture to lower limb
  • Any foot surgery over past 12 months
  • Patients with club foot
  • Patients with poliomyelitis
  • Navicular drop < 10mm

Treatment and study plan

Intrinsic Muscles Training

Other

Intrinsic muscle training includes Feet rolling exercise, Toe flexion (curls) exercise, Big toe extension exercise, Short foot exercise and Towel gathering exercise. All these exercises were performed by the participants of Experimental group in 3 sets each set comprising 10-20 repetitions.

Conventional Therapy

Other

Conventional physical therapy session includes

  • Electric hot pack on moderate intensity for 10 min
  • TENS for 20 minutes on conventional mode
  • Stretching of calf muscles 3 sets of 5 stretches in each session
  • Ankle pumps 10 repetitions.

Primary outcomes

  1. Numeric pain rating scale

    Time frame: From enrolment to end of treatment at 6 weeks.

    Numeric Pain rating scale is used to evaluate pain. It consists of 11 points, having score ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no pain, 1-3 represents mild pain, 4-6 represents moderate pain and 7-10 represents severe pain.

  2. Berg Balance scale

    Time frame: From enrolment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks.

    The Berg Balance Scale is a scale used to assess functional balance. It evaluates both dynamic and static balance through 14 tasks regarding mobility

  3. Foot Function Index

    Time frame: From enrolment to end of treatment at 6 weeks.

    Foot Function Index questionnaire is used to measure the impact of foot pathology on pain, disability and activity restriction

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Riphah International University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Feb 23, 2026
Registry last updated
Feb 23, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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