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NCT Number: NCT07248501

Effects of Bulgarian Exercises on Lower Limb Function in Children

The objective of this study is to investigate the Effect of Bulgarian bag exercises on lower limb function, posture and balance among school going students. In this investigation, our study will include 379 participants girls and boys in our study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling will be used in this research. In this investigation, will collect data from Lahore primary school going girls and boys. The sample that will be included in our study will be 8 to 16 years of age, with both genders, Informed consent, Healthy children without any diagnosed physical or neurological impairments that could affect motor skills or agility. This study use following tools in our study Postural awareness scale PAS-E, Berg balance scale, The lower extremity functional scale.

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Key information

Conditions

Child, Only

Age range

8 year–18 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

About this study

Bulgarian Training Bag is a training equipment used in strength training, Plyometrics, Weight training, aerobic exercise, and fitness in general. Bags are made of leather or synthetic leather and filled with sand; Weigh between 3 to 38 kg and have flexible handles to allow training of the upper and lower body, and to improve the prehensile strength. Instead, Leisure Physical Activity should be thought of as all physical activity behavior that emanates from an unconscious drive for movement. Regular participation in physical activity is important for overall health. It provides children with immediate social, mental and physical health benefits, such as reducing symptoms of depression, improving academic and cognitive performance, promoting healthy bone structure, skeletal health supporting muscle growth and the development of the body's vital organs, particularly the heart and lungs, improving health related fitness, muscular strength and, preventing children from becoming overweight.

The objective of this study is to investigate the Effect of Bulgarian bag exercises on lower limb function, posture and balance among school going students. In this investigation, our study will include 379 participants girls and boys in our study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling will be used in this research. In this investigation, will collect data from Lahore primary school going girls and boys. The sample that will be included in our study will be 8 to 16 years of age, with both genders, Informed consent, Healthy children without any diagnosed physical or neurological impairments that could affect motor skills or agility. This study use following tools in our study Postural awareness scale PAS-E, Berg balance scale, The lower extremity functional scale.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Ability to perform physical activities
  • Participants must be between 8 to 18 years

Exclusion criteria

  • Children with severe physical disabilities or medical conditions that limit participation in physical activities (e.g., cardiovascular or respiratory conditions).
  • Children unable to comply with study requirements or follow instructions

Treatment and study plan

Bulgarian Bag Exercises

Other

The Bulgarian Bag exercises will be performed under the guidance of a trained physical therapist or instructor. Key exercises will include squats, lunges, deadlifts, and shoulder presses, all performed with the Bulgarian Bag to target lower body strength, balance, and coordination.

Progressions (e.g., increasing repetitions or load) will be made gradually as participants adapt to the exercises.

Primary outcomes

  1. Postural Awareness Scale PAS-E

    Time frame: 11 weeks

    Body posture refers to the position of a person's body in space and the alignment of body parts in relationship to one another and to the environment at one point in time. Postural awareness is informed via receptors in joints, muscles, ligaments, and connective tissue, which is then integrated in the central nervous system. Importantly, postural awareness is influenced by mental processes, including attention, interpretation, and appraisal of bodily sensation, as well as by affect, emotions, and attitudes.

  2. Pediatrics Berg Balance Scale

    Time frame: 11 weeks

    The Berg Balance Scale has proven to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing balance and predicting fall risk across various populations, including older adults, individuals with neurological conditions (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease), and those recovering from orthopedic surgery. Its high test-retest and inter-rater reliability, as well as its strong construct, criterion, and concurrent validity, support its widespread use in clinical practice and research. However, like any assessment tool, it should be used as part of a comprehensive evaluation that includes other clinical assessments and considerations

  3. Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS)

    Time frame: 11 weeks

    The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) is a self-reported questionnaire used by physical therapists and other healthcare providers to assess a person's functional ability related to lower extremity (leg) tasks. It is widely used to evaluate the degree of difficulty experienced by individuals with lower extremity injuries or conditions in performing various daily activities.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Imran Amjad, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

9233224390125

Muhammad Asif Javed, MS-PT

CONTACT

[email protected]

923224209422

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Riphah International University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Effects of Bulgarian Bag Exercise on Lower Limb Function, Posture and Balance Among School Going Children

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Nov 25, 2025
Registry last updated
Nov 25, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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