Effectiveness on Family Cohesion and Happiness of Using Social Media to Enhance Happiness Accounts for Late-Stage Cancer Patients and Their Families

Inclusion criteria

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Inclusion criteria

for Advanced Cancer Patients:

• Patients diagnosed with stage III or IV cancer by a specialist physician.
• Patients who agree to participate in the study after being informed about the research.
• Patients who are conscious and able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
• Patients aged 20 years or older.
• Patients with no history of mental illness.

Inclusion criteria

for Family Members:

• The primary caregiver of a patient diagnosed with stage III or IV cancer by a specialist physician.
• The primary caregiver who has a blood, marital, or cohabitation relationship with the patient.
• Family members who agree to participate in the study after being informed about the research.
• Family members who are conscious and able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
• Family members aged 20 years or older.
• Family members with no history of mental illness.

Exclusion criteria

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Exclusion criteria

for Advanced Cancer Patients:

• Patients in the experimental group and control group who reside in the same ward.
• Patients who share a ward with subjects already included in the study.
• Patients involved in ongoing medical disputes.
• Patients who cannot understand the study explanation due to language or cognitive impairments.
• Patients with a life expectancy shorter than the planned study duration.

Exclusion criteria

for Family Members:

• Family members who do not have direct living or caregiving contact with the patient.
• Family members who cannot visit the patient regularly or participate in the study.
• Family members who cannot understand the study explanation due to language or cognitive impairments.
• Family members with significant visual or hearing impairments who do not use assistive devices and cannot resolve communication issues.
• Family members who cannot make independent decisions.