Effect Of Whole or Skimmed Milk Greek Yogurt on Integrated Muscle Protein Synthesis, Glucose Homeostasis, and Cognition in Post-Menopausal Women

Inclusion criteria

• Aged 50 to 65 years
• Body mass index ≥25 to <40 kg/m2 or body fat ≥36%
• Able to provide informed consent
• Absence of menstruation for ≥12 months without the use of hormonal contraceptives, or one of the following:

• Another medical cause of menopause e.g., history of bilateral oophorectomy
• Clinician-confirmed menopausal status for those with hysterectomy and retained/unknown ovaries
• Partial/total hysterectomy ≥12 months ago and current age ≥55 years

Exclusion criteria

• Allergy or intolerance to dairy products (other allergies or intolerances may be excluded if they are not compatible with the study meals and how they are prepared)
• Conditions, medications, or recent changes in medications that cause participants to be metabolically unstable (e.g., renal, cardiovascular, thyroid, polycystic ovary syndrome, type-1 and type-2 diabetes)
• Gastric bypass/bariatric surgery in the previous 5 years
• Pregnancy or nursing in the prior 12 months
• Weight loss or gain >5 kg in the last two months
• Unable or unwilling to suspend use of blood thinning medications and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the duration of the study
• Unwilling to abstain from vigorous exercise for the study period
• Does not or will not eat all foods on the standardized diet (e.g., allergies, intolerances, or taste preferences)
• Participants may be excluded at the Principal Investigator's discretion if their health or body composition is not compatible with the required study procedures