Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT07381088

Effect of Primary Care Education on Parents' Health-Related Perceptions and Attitudes

This study aims to evaluate the effect of a structured education program delivered in primary health care settings on parents of children aged 0-2 years. The education focuses on childhood vaccination and related health perceptions.

Parents will receive education covering childhood vaccines, vaccine hesitancy, evaluation of vaccine-related information obtained from digital sources, eco-anxiety, and perceived vulnerability to diseases. The study examines whether this education influences parents' levels of vaccine hesitancy, digital vaccine literacy, eco-anxiety, and perceived vulnerability to diseases. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of effective educational interventions in primary health care services to support informed parental decision-making regarding childhood vaccination.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Vaccine Hesitancy Adherence Interventions Behavior Childhood Immunization Communication Digital Health Literacy Eco-anxiety Health Behavior Health Education Medication Adherence Patient Acceptance of Health Care Patient Compliance Treatment Adherence and Compliance Treatment Refusal Vaccination Hesitancy Vaccination Refusal Vulnerability to Disease

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Van Yuzuncu Yil University

Van, 65100, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Childhood vaccination is one of the most effective and cost-efficient public health interventions for preventing infectious diseases. However, vaccine hesitancy among parents has emerged as a significant public health concern, particularly in the context of misinformation disseminated through digital media. Parents' attitudes toward vaccination are influenced not only by face-to-face communication with health professionals but also by their ability to access, evaluate, and use vaccine-related information from online sources. In addition, environmental concerns and climate-related health risks have increased levels of eco-anxiety, which may influence individuals' perceptions of vulnerability to diseases and health-related decision-making.

This study is designed as a quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test, control-group study to evaluate the effect of a structured education program delivered in primary health care services on parents of children aged 0-2 years. The study will be conducted at a Family Health Center in Van, Türkiye. Parents who meet the inclusion criteria and provide written informed consent will be enrolled in the study.

Participants will be assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. Parents in the intervention group will receive a structured education program consisting of three face-to-face sessions delivered once per week, with each session lasting approximately 30-40 minutes. The education program includes: (1) childhood vaccines, vaccine hesitancy, and common misconceptions; (2) digital vaccine literacy, reliable information sources, and coping with misinformation; and (3) eco-anxiety, environmental health concerns, perceived vulnerability to diseases, and coping strategies. The control group will receive routine services provided by the Family Health Center and will not receive any additional educational intervention.

Data will be collected using validated self-report instruments administered before the intervention and 15 days after completion of the final education session. The primary outcomes include changes in vaccine hesitancy, digital vaccine literacy, eco-anxiety, and perceived vulnerability to diseases. Sociodemographic information will also be collected. All data will be collected through face-to-face interviews in a private setting, and participant confidentiality will be ensured by using coded identifiers instead of personal information.

The study aims to determine whether education provided within primary health care services can effectively improve parents' attitudes and perceptions related to vaccination and child health. The results are expected to inform future public health education strategies targeting parents during early childhood.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Parents who have at least one child aged 0-2 years
  • Attendance at the Van Tuşba Family Health Center
  • Ability to read and write in Turkish
  • Willingness to participate voluntarily in the study
  • Provision of written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Individuals with a diagnosed psychiatric disorder
  • Individuals with cognitive or sensory impairments that prevent effective communication
  • Individuals who are unable to attend the education sessions
  • Individuals who do not complete the baseline assessment

Treatment and study plan

Structured education program

Behavioral

A structured education program consisting of three face-to-face sessions delivered once per week in a primary health care setting. Each session lasts approximately 30-40 minutes and focuses on childhood vaccination, vaccine hesitancy, digital vaccine literacy, eco-anxiety, and perceived vulnerability to diseases.

Primary outcomes

  1. Vaccine Hesitancy Level

    Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention) and 15 days after completion of the education program

    Change in parents' level of vaccine hesitancy measured using the Parent Vaccine Hesitancy Scale.

    The scale consists of 10 items and 2 subdimensions, with items 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 reverse-coded. It includes the Lack of Confidence subdimension (items 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8) and the Risks subdimension (items 5, 9, and 10). The scale is rated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), and the total score is calculated by summing the item scores; higher total scores indicate lower levels of vaccine hesitancy.

  2. Digital Vaccine Literacy Level

    Time frame: Baseline and 15 days after completion of the education program

    Change in parents' digital vaccine literacy level measured using the Digital Vaccine Literacy Scale.

    The scale consists of a total of 7 items and 3 subdimensions: trust in and understanding of official information (items 1-2), trust in and understanding of information on social media (items 3-4), and evaluation and application of online vaccine information (items 5-7). Each item is rated on a four-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The total score ranges from 7 to 28, with higher scores indicating a higher level of digital vaccine literacy.

  3. Eco-Anxiety Level

    Time frame: Baseline and 15 days after completion of the education program

    Change in parents' eco-anxiety level measured using the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS-13) The scale consists of 13 items and four subdimensions (anxiety symptoms, rumination, behavioral symptoms, and concern about personal impact), with each item rated on a five-point Likert scale (0 = not at all, 1 = some days, 2 = most days, 3 = nearly every day). Higher scores on the scale indicate higher levels of eco-anxiety.

  4. Perceived Vulnerability to Disease

    Time frame: Baseline and 15 days after completion of the education program

    Change in parents' perceived vulnerability to disease measured using the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Scale.

    The scale consists of a total of 15 items and two subdimensions: Perceived Infectability (items 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14) and Germ Aversion (items 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15). Items 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, and 14 are reverse-scored. The total score obtainable from the scale ranges from 7 to 105. The scale is structured as a seven-point Likert type, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree), and higher scores indicate a higher perceived vulnerability to diseases.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Yuzuncu Yil University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of Education Provided in Primary Health Care Services on Vaccine Hesitancy, Digital Vaccine Literacy, Eco-Anxiety, and Perceived Vulnerability to Diseases Among Parents of Children Aged 0-2 Years

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Feb 2, 2026
Registry last updated
Apr 29, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.