Effect of Kinesio Taping Combined With Schroth Therapy in Young Adults With Idiopathic Scoliosis

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Schroth therapy and the addition of Kinesio Taping on pain, functional capacity, and quality of life in young adults with idiopathic scoliosis who were diagnosed during adolescence and currently experience back pain.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity of unknown origin that develops during adolescence, with a worldwide prevalence of 1-3%. The current clinical gold standard for diagnosing scoliosis is the measurement of the Cobb angle on standing posteroanterior radiographs. The Cobb angle determines the severity classification of AIS; a Cobb angle of ≥40° indicates a severe deformity that may require surgical intervention, whereas lower angles are typically managed with non-surgical treatment approaches.

Individuals aged 18-30 years are often described as having "young adult idiopathic scoliosis" (YAIS). Even if they received successful conservative treatment during adolescence, these individuals may present in adulthood with pain, progression of deformity, and cosmetic concerns. The development of symptoms in this age group increases the need for treatment, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions applied during this period is clinically meaningful.

The original Schroth exercises were developed in the early 20th century by Katharina Schroth. This exercise-based approach focuses on corrective breathing techniques and postural adjustments to address three-dimensional spinal deformities.

Kinesio Taping (KT) is a conservative treatment method that has gained popularity in recent years for managing musculoskeletal conditions and controlling pain. This technique was first described by Kenzo Kase.

Since an evidence-based treatment algorithm for managing back pain in patients with idiopathic scoliosis has not yet been clearly established, clinicians often select treatment methods based on preference. Common approaches include home exercise programs, physical therapy, pharmacological treatment (such as acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, or opioid analgesics), back school programs, and spinal manipulation.

Both Schroth therapy and Kinesio Taping are non-invasive and conservative treatment methods commonly used in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Although international studies have evaluated the effectiveness of Schroth therapy and Kinesio Taping separately, and some have explored combined applications, randomized controlled trials including a Schroth therapy group, a combined Schroth + Kinesio Taping group, and a sham taping control group in adult individuals are limited or absent in the national literature.

The distinguishing aspect of this study is the controlled and comparative evaluation of the combination of Schroth therapy and Kinesio Taping, rather than assessing each method in isolation. Additionally, the inclusion of a sham taping group allows consideration of potential placebo effects.

The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the evidence-based use of non-invasive treatment approaches in the management of idiopathic scoliosis

Inclusion criteria

• Individuals aged between 18 and 30 years.
• Radiologically confirmed diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis.
• Cobb angle between 10° and 30° and considered candidates for conservative treatment.
• Risser stage 5.
• History of low back or back pain within the last 3 months (defined as NRS ≥ 4).
• No acute orthopedic or neurological condition that would prevent participation in physical exercise interventions.
• Willingness to participate voluntarily and provide written informed consent.
• Ability to attend treatment sessions regularly throughout the study period.

Exclusion criteria

• Diagnosis of non-structural (functional) scoliosis, congenital scoliosis, or neuromuscular scoliosis.
• History of previous spinal surgery.
• Participation in scoliosis-specific exercise therapy within the last 6 months.
• Presence of open wounds, dermatological conditions, or allergy to taping materials.
• History of psychiatric disorders or neurological diseases.