Effect of Enamel Matrix Proteins on Clinical Attachment Level and Alveolar Bone in Periodontal Maintenance Patients

The purpose of this study is to determine if local application of a commercially-available, FDA-approved preparation of enamel-matrix protein derivatives is effective in increasing clinical attachment levels (primary outcome), as well as alveolar bone (secondary outcome) compared to standard mechanical therapy in patients on periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT). Subjects will be divided into two groups for additional therapy in a 6-9 mm interproximal periodontal pocket at baseline: 1) local anesthesia and mini-flap reflection with subgingival mechanical debridement plus application of the enamel matrix protein derivate or 2) local anesthesia and mini-flap reflection with subgingival mechanical debridement plus application of saline. Samples/measurements will be obtained at the designated experimental site at baseline, 2 weeks, 6 and 12 months during PMT: 1) digital radiograph (baseline and 12 months only; bone height measurements), 2) presence of explorer-detectable supragingival plaque, 3) 30-second gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sample (markers of inflammation, bone turnover), 4) recession from the cemento-enamel junction, 5) probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing (BOP). Following the 12-month visit, the research-specific interventions and measurements in the experimental quadrant will be removed from routine PMT.

Inclusion criteria

• diagnosis of chronic advanced adult periodontitis
• one quadrant with at least one 6-9 mm interproximal pocket
• overall good systemic health
• willingness to sign consent form

Exclusion criteria

• systemic diseases which significantly impact periodontal inflammation and bone turnover (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis)
• taking drugs which significantly impact periodontal inflammation and bone turnover
• surgical periodontal therapy within the past year
• pregnant or breast-feeding females