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Completed

NCT Number: NCT05584618

Effect of Antenatal Education on Fear of ChildBirth

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antenatal education on birth fear, depression, anxiety, stress, maternal self-efficacy, and mode of delivery in primiparous pregnant women

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Key information

Conditions

Fear of Childbirth Anxiety Disorders Behavior Behavioral Symptoms Depression Mental Disorders Stress

Age range

18 year–35 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Kartal Dr.Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

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About this study

There is still a lack of evidence regarding the effects of antenatal education on birth fear, maternal self-efficacy, anxiety, stress, depression, and mode of delivery. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of antenatal education on birth fear, anxiety, stress, depression, maternal self-efficacy, and mode of delivery

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Literate
  • Childbirth at fullterm (born at 38-42 weeks)
  • Nulliparous women
  • Women between the ages of 18-35
  • Singleton pregnancy in 20 and 36 weeks of gestation
  • Having a healthy newborn
  • No participation in another prenatal program
  • Absence of any psychiatric illness or comorbidities
  • No use medications for a diagnosed mental disorder
  • Baby with normal birth weight and APGAR score of 8 and above
  • Women who have not developed postpartum complications
  • Women without complicated/high-risk pregnancies, who do not experience a perinatal death or stillbirth
  • Speaks and understands Turkish
  • Women with a total fear of childbirth score W-DEQ-A ≥60 will be included.
  • Women who give birth through vaginal route

Exclusion criteria

  • Women who do not meet the sample selection criteria

Treatment and study plan

Education

Other

education

Primary outcomes

  1. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

    Time frame: at 20 to 36 weeks gestational age

    The scale developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein (1983) and its Turkish adaptation was carried out by Eskin, Harlak, Demirkıran and Dereboy (2013), which aims to measure how stressful some situations in a person's life are perceived, consists of 14 items. The "Perceived Stress Scale" consists of the dimensions of "Perception of Inadequate Self-Efficacy" and "Perception of Stress/Discomfort". Participants evaluated each item on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Never (0)" to "Very often (4)". The internal consistency coefficient of the Turkish scale was 0.84 and the test-retest reliability was 0.87.

  2. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

    Time frame: 6-8 weeks postpartum

    The scale developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein (1983) and its Turkish adaptation was carried out by Eskin, Harlak, Demirkıran and Dereboy (2013), which aims to measure how stressful some situations in a person's life are perceived, consists of 14 items. The "Perceived Stress Scale" consists of the dimensions of "Perception of Inadequate Self-Efficacy" and "Perception of Stress/Discomfort". Participants evaluated each item on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Never (0)" to "Very often (4)". The internal consistency coefficient of the Turkish scale was 0.84 and the test-retest reliability was 0.87.

  3. Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ- A)

    Time frame: at 20 to 36 weeks gestational age

    The scale was developed by Klaas and Barbro Wijma to measure the fear of childbirth and its Turkish adaptation and validity and reliability were conducted by Körükçü, Kukulu, and Fırat (2012, 2018). The scale consists of 33 items and the answers are enumerated between 0 and 5 as a 6-item liker scale, in which 0 means "completely" and 5 means "none". The range of the total score of the scale is between 0 and 165. The higher the scores, the higher the fear of birth experienced by women

  4. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)

    Time frame: at 20 to 36 weeks gestational age

    The scale developed by Zimet et al. in 1988 and Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability studies were carried out by Eker, Arkar, and Yaldız (2001). The MSPSS is a 12-item scale, and includes 3 groups about the source of support, each of which consisting of 4 items, which are family, friend, and a special person. In the Cronbach's Alpha Method that was used to measure the internal consistency, values were found to be between 0.80 and 0.95

  5. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)

    Time frame: 6-8 weeks postpartum

    The scale developed by Zimet et al. in 1988 and Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability studies were carried out by Eker, Arkar, and Yaldız (2001). The MSPSS is a 12-item scale, and includes 3 groups about the source of support, each of which consisting of 4 items, which are family, friend, and a special person. In the Cronbach's Alpha Method that was used to measure the internal consistency, values were found to be between 0.80 and 0.95

  6. Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS)

    Time frame: at 20 to 36 weeks gestational age

    The Turkish adaptation of the scale, developed in 2007 by Tennant et al., was done by Keldal in 2015. It is a five-point Likert-type scale, including 14 items. The lowest and the highest scores are 14 and 70 points. High scores indicate high mental wellbeing. Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was determined as 0.89

  7. Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS)

    Time frame: 6-8 weeks postpartum

    The Turkish adaptation of the scale, developed in 2007 by Tennant et al., was done by Keldal in 2015. It is a five-point Likert-type scale, including 14 items. The lowest and the highest scores are 14 and 70 points. High scores indicate high mental wellbeing. Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was determined as 0.89

  8. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire B version (W-DEQ-B)

    Time frame: 6-8 weeks postpartum

    W-DEQ- B was developed by Wijma et al. to determine postpartum feelings and thoughts about the fear of women who gave vaginal birth (1998). The scale consists of a total of 33 6-point Likert-type questions. Each item is defined as 1 with a score between 1-6 and 6 as none. The minimum score on the scale is 33, while the maximum score is 198. The higher the scores, the higher the fear of birth experienced by women

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Evaluation of Antenatal Education on Fear of ChildBirth, Depression, Anxiety, Maternal Self-Efficacy, and Delivery Mode in Primiparous Pregnant Women: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Important dates

Study start
2022
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2023
First posted
Oct 18, 2022
Registry last updated
Nov 9, 2023

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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